sꜣḫ

See also: sꜣḥ

Egyptian

s- (causative prefix) +‎ ꜣḫ (“to be useful or effective”).

caus. 2-lit.

Conjugation of sꜣḫ (causative biliteral / caus. 2-lit. / caus. 2rad.) — base stem: sꜣḫ

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive¹	singular	plural
sꜣḫt, sꜣḫ	sꜣḫw, sꜣḫ	sꜣḫt	sꜣḫ	sꜣḫ

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective²		periphrastic prospective²
sꜣḫ	ḥr sꜣḫ	m sꜣḫ	r sꜣḫ

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms		participles
aspect / mood	active	passive	active	passive
perfect	sꜣḫ.n	active + .tj¹, .tw²	—	—
perfective	sꜣḫ	active + .tj¹, .tw²	sꜣḫ	sꜣḫ, sꜣḫw⁵, sꜣḫy⁵
imperfective	sꜣḫ, sꜣḫy, sꜣḫw⁵	active + .tj¹, .tw²	sꜣḫ, sꜣḫj⁶, sꜣḫy⁶	sꜣḫ, sꜣḫw⁵
prospective	sꜣḫ, sꜣḫtj⁷	—	sꜣḫwtj^{1 4}, sꜣḫtj⁴, sꜣḫt⁴
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine.

Allen, James (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, revised second edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 162

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