sḏm

See also: sdm and sDm

Egyptian

(modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /sɛd͡ʒɛm/
- Conventional anglicization: sedjem

3-lit.

Conjugation of sḏm (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: sḏm, geminated stem: sḏmm

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive¹	singular	plural
sḏm	sḏmw, sḏm	sḏmt	sḏm	sḏm

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective²		periphrastic prospective²
sḏm	ḥr sḏm	m sḏm	r sḏm

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms		participles
aspect / mood	active	passive	active	passive
perfect	sḏm.n	active + .tj¹, .tw²	—	—
perfective	sḏm	active + .tj¹, .tw²	sḏm	sḏm, sḏmw⁵, sḏmy⁵
imperfective	sḏm, sḏmy, sḏmw⁵	active + .tj¹, .tw²	sḏm, sḏmj⁶, sḏmy⁶	sḏm, sḏmw⁵
prospective	sḏm, sḏmtj⁷	—	sḏmtj⁴, sḏmt⁴
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine.

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of sḏm

sḏm

m

Allen, James (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, revised second edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 282, 299
Hoch, James (1997) Middle Egyptian Grammar, Mississauga: Benben Publications, →ISBN, page 25

↑ Loprieno, Antonio (1995) Ancient Egyptian: A Linguistic Introduction, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 53

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