qnj

Egyptian

3-lit.

Conjugation of qnj (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: qnj

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive¹	singular	plural
qnj	qnjw, qnj	qnjt	qnj	qnj

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective²		periphrastic prospective²
qnj	ḥr qnj	m qnj	r qnj

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms		participles
aspect / mood	active	passive	active	passive
perfect	qnj.n	active + .tj¹, .tw²	—	—
perfective	qnj	active + .tj¹, .tw²	qnj	qnj, qnjw⁵, qnjy⁵
imperfective	qnj, qnjy, qnjw⁵	active + .tj¹, .tw²	qnj, qnjj⁶, qnjy⁶	qnj, qnjw⁵
prospective	qnj, qnjtj⁷	—	qnjtj⁴, qnjt⁴
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine.

3ae inf.

Conjugation of qnj (third weak / 3ae inf. / III. inf.) — base stem: qn, geminated stem: qnn

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive¹	singular	plural
qnt, qnj	qnw, qn	qnt, qnwt, qnyt	qn	qn, qny

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective²		periphrastic prospective²
qn⁸, qnn⁸	ḥr qnt, ḥr qnj	m qnt, m qnj	r qnt, r qnj

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms		participles
aspect / mood	active	passive	active	passive
perfect	qn.n	active + .tj¹, .tw²	—	—
perfective	qnw¹, qny, qn	active + .tj¹, .tw²	qn	qny, qn
imperfective	qnn, qnny, qnnw⁵	active + .tj¹, .tw²	qnn, qnnj⁶, qnny⁶	qnn, qnnw⁵
prospective	qnw¹, qny, qn, qntj⁷	—	qnwtj^{1 4}, qntj⁴, qnt⁴
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine. Third-person masculine statives of this class often have a final -y instead of the expected stative ending.

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of qnj

qnj

3ae inf.

Conjugation of qnj (third weak / 3ae inf. / III. inf.) — base stem: qn, geminated stem: qnn

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive¹	singular	plural
qnt, qnj	qnw, qn	qnt, qnwt, qnyt	qn	qn, qny

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective²		periphrastic prospective²
qn⁸, qnn⁸	ḥr qnt, ḥr qnj	m qnt, m qnj	r qnt, r qnj

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms	participles
aspect / mood	active	active	passive
perfect	qn.n	—	—
perfective	qnw¹, qny, qn	qn	qny, qn
imperfective	qnn, qnny, qnnw⁵	qnn, qnnj⁶, qnny⁶	qnn, qnnw⁵
prospective	qnw¹, qny, qn, qntj⁷	qnwtj^{1 4}, qntj⁴, qnt⁴
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine. Third-person masculine statives of this class often have a final -y instead of the expected stative ending.

Allen, James (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, revised second edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 240, 386
Hoch, James (1997) Middle Egyptian Grammar, Mississauga: Benben Publications, →ISBN, page 147

↑ Loprieno, Antonio (1995) Ancient Egyptian: A Linguistic Introduction, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 47

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