puer
English
Etymology
Pronunciation
- (General American) IPA(key): /ˈpju.ɚ/
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˈpjuː.ə/, /ˈpjʊə/
Noun
puer (uncountable)
- (chiefly historical) Dung (of dogs, fowls, etc) used in tanning, after applying lime, to soften skins.
- 1842, The Penny Magazine, May 212/1:
- A solution called the ‘pure’ or the 'pewer' (having never seen the word written.., we must spell it as pronounced) is prepared in a large vessel, and into this the skins are immersed.
- 1903, Henry Richardson Proctor, The principles of leather manufacture, page 174:
- […] The bacteria of fresh dog-dung were not found to possess a satisfactory puering effect, but those from dung with had been fermented a month (as in practice) have a result nearly equal to actual puer.
- 2009, Tony Covington, Tanning Chemistry: The Science of Leather, page 166:
- […] it was about 50 years before the use of puer was discontinued, at least in Europe.
- 1842, The Penny Magazine, May 212/1:
Anagrams
French
Etymology
From Old French puir, from Vulgar Latin *putīre, from Classical Latin putēre, present active infinitive of puteō, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *puH-. The change from -ir to -er can also be seen in words such as contribuer (Old French contribuir, Latin contribuere).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /pɥe/
audio (file) - Rhymes: -e
Verb
puer
Conjugation
Conjugation of puer (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | puer | avoir pué | |||||
| gerund | en puant | en ayant pué | |||||
| present participle | puant /pɥɑ̃/ | ||||||
| past participle | pué /pɥe/ | ||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il | nous | vous | ils | |
| simple tenses |
present | pue /py/ |
pues /py/ |
pue /py/ |
puons /pɥɔ̃/ |
puez /pɥe/ |
puent /py/ |
| imperfect | puais /pɥɛ/ |
puais /pɥɛ/ |
puait /pɥɛ/ |
puions /py.jɔ̃/ |
puiez /py.je/ |
puaient /pɥɛ/ | |
| past historic1 | puai /pɥe/ |
puas /pɥa/ |
pua /pɥa/ |
puâmes /pɥam/ |
puâtes /pɥat/ |
puèrent /pɥɛʁ/ | |
| future | puerai /py.ʁe/ |
pueras /py.ʁa/ |
puera /py.ʁa/ |
puerons /py.ʁɔ̃/ |
puerez /py.ʁe/ |
pueront /py.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | puerais /py.ʁɛ/ |
puerais /py.ʁɛ/ |
puerait /py.ʁɛ/ |
puerions /py.ʁjɔ̃/ |
pueriez /py.ʁje/ |
pueraient /py.ʁɛ/ | |
| compound tenses |
present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| past anterior1 | Use the past historic tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il | que nous | que vous | qu’ils | |
| simple tenses |
present | pue /py/ |
pues /py/ |
pue /py/ |
puions /py.jɔ̃/ |
puiez /py.je/ |
puent /py/ |
| imperfect1 | puasse /pɥas/ |
puasses /pɥas/ |
puât /pɥa/ |
puassions /pɥa.sjɔ̃/ |
puassiez /pɥa.sje/ |
puassent /pɥas/ | |
| compound tenses |
past | Use the present subjunctive tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect1 | Use the imperfect subjunctive tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nous | vous | – | |
| — | pue /py/ |
— | puons /pɥɔ̃/ |
puez /pɥe/ |
— | ||
| 1literary tenses | |||||||
Derived terms
Further reading
- “puer” in le Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
Anagrams
Latin

puerī indī (Pakistani boys)
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *ph₂weros, from *peh₂w-. Cognate to Oscan 𐌐𐌖𐌂𐌋𐌖𐌌 (puklum), Ancient Greek παῖς (paîs, “child”).
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈpu.er/, [ˈpʊ.ɛr]
Audio (Classical) (file)
Noun
puer m (genitive puerī); second declension
- a child; chit
- a boy; lad
- a male servant or page; slave
- a bachelor
- boyhood (ex: in puero, "in his boyhood" or "as a boy")
Declension
Second declension, nominative singular in -er.
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | puer | puerī |
| genitive | puerī | puerōrum |
| dative | puerō | puerīs |
| accusative | puerum | puerōs |
| ablative | puerō | puerīs |
| vocative | puer1 | puerī |
1May also be puere.
Antonyms
Derived terms
Descendants
See also
puer on the Latin Wikipedia.Wikipedia la
References
- puer in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- puer in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- puer in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire Illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
- Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- from youth up: a puero (is), a parvo (is), a parvulo (is)
- a boy ten years old: puer decem annorum
- to entrust a child to the tuition of..: puerum alicui erudiendum or in disciplinam tradere
- to teach children the rudiments: pueros elementa (prima) docere
- (ambiguous) to leave one's boyhood behind one, become a man: ex pueris excedere
- from youth up: a puero (is), a parvo (is), a parvulo (is)
- puer in Ramminger, Johann (accessed 16 July 2016) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700, pre-publication website, 2005-2016
Luxembourgish
Etymology
From the noun Puer.
Pronunciation
Pronoun
puer
- few, some, a few
- 2001, Pol Wilmes, Eng Klack fir eis Sprooch:
- All puer Woche fannt dir eist „Chamber-Blietchen“ an ärer Bréifkëscht, vläicht och op der Trap oder am Gank;
- Every few weeks we find our "Chamber-Blietchen" in our letter box, perhaps even on the stairs or in the hallway;
- All puer Woche fannt dir eist „Chamber-Blietchen“ an ärer Bréifkëscht, vläicht och op der Trap oder am Gank;
- 2001, Pol Wilmes, Eng Klack fir eis Sprooch:
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