melken

Dutch

Etymology

From Middle Dutch melken, from Old Dutch *melkan, from Proto-Germanic *melkaną, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂melǵ-.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /mɛlkə(n)/
  • Audio(file)

Verb

melken

  1. to milk

Inflection

Inflection of melken (strong class 3)
infinitive melken
past singular molk
past participle gemolken
infinitive melken
gerund melken n
verbal noun —
present tense past tense
1st person singular melk molk
2nd person sing. (jij) melkt molk
2nd person sing. (u) melkt molk
2nd person sing. (gij) melkt molkt
3rd person singular melkt molk
plural melken molken
subjunctive sing.1 melke molke
subjunctive plur.1 melken molken
imperative sing. melk
imperative plur.1 melkt
participles melkend gemolken
1) Archaic.

German

Etymology

From Old High German melchan, from Proto-Germanic *melkaną, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂melǵ-. The consonantism -lk- is regular High German. The difference between melken and Milch is due to the fact that the latter used to have a short vowel after -l- (Old High German miluh). Compare Dutch melken, English milk, Danish malke, Norwegian mjølke.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈmɛlkən/, [ˈmɛlkən], [ˈmɛlkŋ̩]
  • Audio(file)

Verb

melken (third-person singular present melkt or milkt, past tense melkte or molk, past participle gemelkt or gemolken, past subjunctive melkte or mölke, auxiliary haben)

  1. (transitive) to milk (a cow, goat etc.)
  2. (transitive, figuratively) to drain; to draw from (someone or something), especially without consent; to milk (someone) for money, information, etc.

Conjugation

Weak
Strong

Usage notes

  • Melken has full sets of both strong and weak forms, both being accepted as standard. The past participle gemolken is considerably more common than gemelkt. Otherwise there is possibly a tendency to prefer the strong forms in the northern half of the German Sprachraum and the weak forms in the southern half.

Derived terms

Further reading

Middle Dutch

Etymology

From Old Dutch *melkan, from Proto-Germanic *melkaną, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂melǵ-.

Verb

melken

  1. to milk
  2. to draw in, to pull
  3. to lure

Inflection

Strong class 3
Infinitive melken
3rd sg. past malc
3rd pl. past molken
Past participle gemolken
Infinitive melken
In genitive melkens
In dative melkene
Indicative Present Past
1st singular melke malc
2nd singular melcs, melkes molcs, molkes
3rd singular melct, melket malc
1st plural melken molken
2nd plural melct, melket molct, molket
3rd plural melken molken
Subjunctive Present Past
1st singular melke molke
2nd singular melcs, melkes molkes
3rd singular melke molke
1st plural melken molken
2nd plural melct, melket molket
3rd plural melken molken
Imperative Present
Singular melc, melke
Plural melct, melket
Present Past
Participle melkende gemolken

Descendants

  • Dutch: melken
  • Limburgish: mèlke

Further reading

  • “melken”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
  • “melken”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, 1929

Norwegian Bokmål

Alternative forms

Noun

melken m, f

  1. definite masculine singular of melk
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