hacher

French

Etymology

From Middle French hacher, from Old French hacher, hachier, from Frankish *hakkōn, from Proto-Germanic *hakkōną (“to chop; hack”). More at hack.

Pronunciation

  • (aspirated h) IPA(key): /a.ʃe/
  • audio(file)

Verb

hacher

  1. to chop up, mince
    Hacher la viande.
    Chop up the meat.
    Bœuf haché
    Minced beef.
  2. (dated) to split with an ax
  3. (rare) to cut roughly and unequally
  4. (formal) to cut or hit repeatedly with something sharp; to slash
  5. (formal, rare) to speak or write with a very unequal or irregular style or rhythm

Usage notes

  • In literary description, the adjective haché is much more common than the verb.

Conjugation

Descendants

Further reading

Middle French

Alternative forms

  • hachier, hâcher

Etymology

From Old French hacher, hachier, from Frankish *hakkōn, from Proto-Germanic *hakkōną (“to chop; hack”).

Verb

hacher

  1. to chop up, mince

Conjugation

  • Middle French conjugation varies from one text to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.
   Conjugation of hacher
simple compound
infinitive hacher avoir haché
gerund en hachant Use the gerund of avoir followed by the past participle
present participle hachant
past participle haché
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative ie (may be i' before a vowel) tu il nous vous ilz, elles
simple
tenses		 present hache haches hache hachons hachez hachent
imperfect hachois, hachoys hachois, hachoys hachoit, hachoyt hachions, hachyons hachiez, hachyez hachoient, hachoyent
past historic hacha hachas hacha hachasmes hachastes hacherent
future hacherai, hacheray hacheras hachera hacherons hacherez hacheront
conditional hacherois, hacheroys hacherois, hacheroys hacheroit, hacheroyt hacherions, hacheryons hacheriez, hacheryez hacheroient, hacheroyent
compound
tenses		 present perfect Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle
pluperfect Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle
past anterior Use the past historic tense of avoir followed by the past participle
future perfect Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle
conditional perfect Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle
subjunctive que ie que tu qu'il que nous que vous qu'ilz, qu'elles
simple
tenses		 present hache haches hache hachons hachez hachent
imperfect hachasse hachasses hachast hachassions hachassiez hachassent
compound
tenses		 past Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle
pluperfect Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle
imperative – tu – nous vous –
— hache — hachons hachez —

Descendants

Old French

Alternative forms

  • hachier, hascher

Etymology

Borrowed from Frankish *hakkōn, from Proto-Germanic *hakkōną (“to chop; hack”).

Verb

hacher

  1. to chop up, mince

Conjugation

This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. In the present tense an extra supporting e is needed in the first-person singular indicative and throughout the singular subjunctive, and the third-person singular subjunctive ending -t is lost. This verb has irregularities in its conjugation. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

    Conjugation of hacher (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
simple compound
infinitive hacher avoir haché
gerund en hachant Use the gerund of avoir followed by the past participle
present participle hachant
past participle haché
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative jo tu il nos vos il
simple
tenses		 present hache haches hache hachons hachez hachent
imperfect hachoie, hacheie, hachoe, hacheve hachoies, hacheies, hachoes, hacheves hachoit, hacheit, hachot, hacheve hachiiens, hachiens hachiiez, hachiez hachoient, hacheient, hachoent, hachevent
preterite hachai hachas hacha hachames hachastes hacherent
future hacherai hacheras hachera hacherons hacheroiz, hachereiz, hacherez hacheront
conditional hacheroie, hachereie hacheroies, hachereies hacheroit, hachereit hacheriiens, hacheriens hacheriiez, hacheriez hacheroient, hachereient
compound
tenses		 present perfect Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle
pluperfect Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle
past anterior Use the preterite tense of avoir followed by the past participle
future perfect Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle
conditional perfect Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle
subjunctive que jo que tu qu’il que nos que vos qu’il
simple
tenses		 present hache haches hache hachons hachez hachent
imperfect hachasse hachasses hachast hachissons, hachissiens hachissoiz, hachissez, hachissiez hachassent
compound
tenses		 past Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle
pluperfect Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle
imperative – tu – nos vos –
— hache — hachons hachez —

Descendants

  • Middle French: hacher, hachier, hâcher
  • Gallo: haèchae
  • Norman: haguer, hager (Guernesiais)
  • Picard: hacheu, acheu, èkieu (Athois), héquer
  • Walloon: atchè (Forrières)
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