focal

English

Etymology

From New Latin focālis; synchronically analyzable as focus +‎ -al.

Pronunciation

(Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ˈfəʊ.kl̩/
(US) IPA^(key): /ˈfoʊ.kl̩/
Rhymes: -əʊkəl

Adjective

focal (not comparable)

Belonging to, concerning, or located at a focus
(medicine) limited to a small area

Derived terms

Translations

belonging to or concerning a focus

Catalan: focal
Finnish: polttopiste-
German: fokal (de)
Irish: lárnach, príomh-, bun-

Italian: focale
Russian: фокусный (ru) (fokusnyj)
Spanish: focal (es)

(medicine) limited to a small area

French: focal (fr)
Irish: fócasach
Italian: focale

Portuguese: focal
Russian: очаговый (ru) (očagovyj)
Spanish: focal (es)

French

Etymology

From New Latin focālis.

Adjective

focal (feminine singular focale, masculine plural focaux, feminine plural focales)

focal

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish focul, from Proto-Celtic *woxtlom, from Proto-Indo-European *wokʷtlom, from *wekʷ-.^[1]

Pronunciation

(Munster, Connacht) IPA^(key): /ˈfˠɔkəlˠ/
(Ulster) IPA^(key): /ˈfˠʌkəlˠ/

Noun

focal m (genitive singular focail, nominative plural focail)

word

Ní raibh focal ag Peadar.
Peter had nothing to say for himself.
1. phrase, remark, observation, saying
  
  Is fearr focal sa chúirt ná punt sa sparán. ― A friend in court is better than a pound in the purse.
  —Proverb
2. intelligence, message
3. order
4. promise, assurance

Declension

Declension of focal

First declension

Bare forms:

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	focal	focail
Vocative	a fhocail	a fhocala
Genitive	focail	focal
Dative	focal	focail

Forms with the definite article:

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	an focal	na focail
Genitive	an fhocail	na bhfocal
Dative	leis an bhfocal don fhocal	leis na focail

Alternative plural: focla (Cois Fharraige)

Derived terms

Terms derived from focal

ainmfhocal m (“noun”)
anfhocal m (“unsavoury expression; misrepresentation”)
an focal deiridh m (“the last word”)
baothfhocal m (“silly word or statement”)
beagfhoclach (“sparing of words; reserved”)
buafhocal m (“epithet; punch-line”)
casfhocal m (“difficult word, tongue-twister”)
ceannfhocal m (“head-word”)
cnuasfhocal m (“collective noun”)
códfhocal m (“code word”)
comhfhocal m (“compound word”)
comhfhoclacht f (“play on words, punning”)
corrfhocal m (“odd word”)
crosfhocal m (“crossword”)
dánfhocal m (“epigram”) (in syllabic verse)
dea-fhocal m (“good, charitable, word”)

dordfhocal m (“buzzword”)
dubhfhocal m (“riddle, conundrum, enigma”)
eagarfhocal m (“editorial”)
focal ar fhocal (“word for word”)
focalbhá m (“ellipsis”)
focal faire m (“watchword; forewarning”)
focal grinn m (“humorous remark”)
focal le cois m (“expletive”)
focal sa chúirt m (“word in court”)
focal scoir m (“clincher”)
foclach (“wordy, verbose”, adjective)
focleolaí m (“philologist”)
focleolaíoch (“philological”, adjective)
focleolaíocht f (“philology”)
foclóir m (“dictionary”)
géarfhoclach (“sharply worded; sharp-tongued”, adjective)

gnáthfhocal m (“ordinary word or expression”)
grodfhoclach (“quick-spoken, hasty of speech”, adjective)
iarfhocal m (“epilogue”)
imeartas focal m (“pun”)
leathfhocal m (“half-expressed statement, hint; catchword, cant phrase”)
mórfhoclach (“magniloquent, high-sounding, oratorical; bombastic, boastful”, adjective)
mórfhoclacht f (“magniloquence, bombast, boastfulness”)
nuafhocal m (“new-(coined) word, neologism”)
réamhfhocal m (“preposition”)
sciorradh focail m, titim focail m (“slip of the tongue”)
sciorrfhocal m (“slip of the tongue”)
seachfhocal m (“aside”)
seanfhocal m (“old saying, proverb”)
slamfhocal m (“vulgar expression”)
teannfhocal m (“strong, arrogant, word; strong assertion”)
treoirfhocal m (“catchword”)

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Eclipsis
focal	fhocal	bhfocal
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

↑ Stüber, Karin (1998). The Historical Morphology of n-Stems in Celtic. Maynooth: Department of Old Irish, National University of Ireland, page 70. →ISBN.

"focal" in Foclóir Gaeilge-Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.
“focal, focull” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.

Portuguese

Etymology

From New Latin focālis.

Adjective

focal m, f (plural focais, comparable)

(optics) focal (relating to foci)
(medicine) focal (limited to a small area)

Related terms

foco

Spanish

Etymology

From New Latin focālis.

Adjective

focal (plural focales)

focal

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[1] Stüber, Karin (1998). The Historical Morphology of n-Stems in Celtic. Maynooth: Department of Old Irish, National University of Ireland, page 70. →ISBN.

focal

English

Etymology

Pronunciation

Adjective

Derived terms

Translations

French

Etymology

Adjective

Further reading

Irish

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

Derived terms

Mutation

References

Portuguese

Etymology

Adjective

Related terms

Spanish

Etymology

Adjective