deyja

Icelandic

Etymology

From Old Norse deyja, from Proto-Germanic *dawjaną.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈteiːja/
    Rhymes: -eiːja
    Homophones: deigja

Verb

deyja (strong verb, third-person singular past indicative dó, third-person plural past indicative dóu, supine dáið)

  1. (intransitive) to die syn.
    Hún dó úr krabbameini.
    She died of cancer.
    Hundruð manna dóu úr hor.
    Hundreds died of hunger.
    Við munum öll deyja!
    We are all going to die!
    Að deyja úr kulda.
    To die from exposure.
  2. (intransitive) to pass out from drinking
  3. (intransitive, of fire) to go out syn.
  4. (intransitive, nautical, of the ocean) to calm down, to subside
  5. (intransitive, of grass) to wither

Conjugation

deyjast — mediopassive voice (miðmynd)
infinitive
(nafnháttur)		 að deyjast
supine
(sagnbót)		 dáist
present participle
(lýsingarháttur nútíðar)		 deyjandist **
** the mediopassive present participle is extremely rare and normally not used; it is never used attributively or predicatively, only for explicatory subclauses
indicative
(framsöguháttur)		 subjunctive
(viðtengingarháttur)
present
(nútíð)		 ég deyst við deyjumst present
(nútíð)		 ég deyist við deyjumst
þú deyst þið deyist þú deyist þið deyist
hann, hún, það deyst þeir, þær, þau deyjast hann, hún, það deyist þeir, þær, þau deyist
past
(þátíð)		 ég dóst við dóumst past
(þátíð)		 ég dæist við dæjumst
þú dóst þið dóust þú dæist þið dæjust
hann, hún, það dóst þeir, þær, þau dóust hann, hún, það dæist þeir, þær, þau dæjust
imperative
(boðháttur)		 deyst (þú) deyist (þið)
Forms with appended personal pronoun
deystu deyisti *
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.
dáinn — past participle (lýsingarháttur þátíðar)
strong declension
(sterk beyging)		 singular (eintala) plural (fleirtala)
masculine
(karlkyn)		 feminine
(kvenkyn)		 neuter
(hvorugkyn)		 masculine
(karlkyn)		 feminine
(kvenkyn)		 neuter
(hvorugkyn)
nominative
(nefnifall)		 dáinn dáin dáið dánir dánar dáin
accusative
(þolfall)		 dáinn dána dáið dána dánar dáin
dative
(þágufall)		 dánum dáinni dánu dánum dánum dánum
genitive
(eignarfall)		 dáins dáinnar dáins dáinna dáinna dáinna
weak declension
(veik beyging) 		singular (eintala) plural (fleirtala)
masculine
(karlkyn)		 feminine
(kvenkyn)		 neuter
(hvorugkyn)		 masculine
(karlkyn)		 feminine
(kvenkyn)		 neuter
(hvorugkyn)
nominative
(nefnifall)		 dáni dána dána dánu dánu dánu
accusative
(þolfall)		 dána dánu dána dánu dánu dánu
dative
(þágufall)		 dána dánu dána dánu dánu dánu
genitive
(eignarfall)		 dána dánu dána dánu dánu dánu

Synonyms

  • (to die): andast, sálast, fá bana, látast, (archaic) deyja burt
  • (of fire: go out): slokkna
  • (of the ocean: to calm down): stillast, lygna
  • (of grass: to wither): falla, sölna

Derived terms

See also

Old Norse

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *dawjaną, whence also Old High German touwen.

Verb

deyja (singular past indicative dó, plural past indicative dó, past participle dáinn)

  1. to die
    • verse 76 of the Hávamál (1996 translation by Carolyne Larrington)
      Deyr fé, / deyja frændr, / deyr sjalfr it sama, / en orðstírr / deyr aldregi, / hveim er sér góðan getr.
      Cattle die, / kinsmen die / the self must also die; / I know one thing which never dies: / the reputation of each dead man.

Conjugation

Conjugation of deyja — mediopassive (strong class 6)
infinitive deyjask
present participle deyjandisk
past participle dáizk
indicative present past
1st-person singular deyjumk dómk
2nd-person singular deysk dózk
3rd-person singular deysk dósk
1st-person plural deyjumsk dómsk
2nd-person plural deyizk dózk
3rd-person plural deyjask dósk
subjunctive present past
1st-person singular deyjumk dœumk
2nd-person singular deyisk dœisk
3rd-person singular deyisk dœisk
1st-person plural deyimsk dœimsk
2nd-person plural deyizk dœizk
3rd-person plural deyisk dœisk
imperative present
2nd-person singular deysk
1st-person plural deyjumsk
2nd-person plural deyizk

Descendants

References

  • deyja in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
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