ceindre

French

Etymology

From Old French ceindre, from Latin cingere, present active infinitive of cingō, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kenk-.

Verb

ceindre

  1. (transitive) to gird, put on (clothes, which fit around a part of the body)
  2. (transitive) to wrap round
  3. (figuratively) to don (an item of ceremonious clothing)

Conjugation

This verb is conjugated like peindre. It uses the same endings as rendre or vendre, but its -nd- becomes -gn- before a vowel, and its past participle ends in ‘t’ instead of a vowel.

  Conjugation of ceindre (see also Appendix:French verbs)
simple compound
infinitive ceindre avoir ceint
gerund en ceignant en ayant ceint
present participle ceignant
/sɛ.ɲɑ̃/
past participle ceint
/sɛ̃/
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative je (j’) tu il nous vous ils
simple
tenses		 present ceins
/sɛ̃/		 ceins
/sɛ̃/		 ceint
/sɛ̃/		 ceignons
/sɛ.ɲɔ̃/		 ceignez
/sɛ.ɲe/		 ceignent
/sɛɲ/
imperfect ceignais
/sɛ.ɲɛ/		 ceignais
/sɛ.ɲɛ/		 ceignait
/sɛ.ɲɛ/		 ceignions
/sɛ.ɲjɔ̃/		 ceigniez
/sɛ.ɲje/		 ceignaient
/sɛ.ɲɛ/
past historic1 ceignis
/sɛ.ɲi/		 ceignis
/sɛ.ɲi/		 ceignit
/sɛ.ɲi/		 ceignîmes
/sɛ.ɲim/		 ceignîtes
/sɛ.ɲit/		 ceignirent
/sɛ.ɲiʁ/
future ceindrai
/sɛ̃.dʁe/		 ceindras
/sɛ̃.dʁa/		 ceindra
/sɛ̃.dʁa/		 ceindrons
/sɛ̃.dʁɔ̃/		 ceindrez
/sɛ̃.dʁe/		 ceindront
/sɛ̃.dʁɔ̃/
conditional ceindrais
/sɛ̃.dʁɛ/		 ceindrais
/sɛ̃.dʁɛ/		 ceindrait
/sɛ̃.dʁɛ/		 ceindrions
/sɛ̃.dʁi.jɔ̃/		 ceindriez
/sɛ̃.dʁi.je/		 ceindraient
/sɛ̃.dʁɛ/
compound
tenses		 present perfect Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle
pluperfect Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle
past anterior1 Use the past historic tense of avoir followed by the past participle
future perfect Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle
conditional perfect Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle
subjunctive que je (j’) que tu qu’il que nous que vous qu’ils
simple
tenses		 present ceigne
/sɛɲ/		 ceignes
/sɛɲ/		 ceigne
/sɛɲ/		 ceignions
/sɛ.ɲjɔ̃/		 ceigniez
/sɛ.ɲje/		 ceignent
/sɛɲ/
imperfect1 ceignisse
/sɛ.ɲis/		 ceignisses
/sɛ.ɲis/		 ceignît
/sɛ.ɲi/		 ceignissions
/sɛ.ɲi.sjɔ̃/		 ceignissiez
/sɛ.ɲi.sje/		 ceignissent
/sɛ.ɲis/
compound
tenses		 past Use the present subjunctive tense of avoir followed by the past participle
pluperfect1 Use the imperfect subjunctive tense of avoir followed by the past participle
imperative – tu – nous vous –
— ceins
/sɛ̃/		 — ceignons
/sɛ.ɲɔ̃/		 ceignez
/sɛ.ɲe/		 —
1literary tenses

Derived terms

  • ceindre l'écharpe
  • ceindre la tiare

Further reading

Old French

Etymology

From Latin cingere, present active infinitive of cingō.

Verb

ceindre

  1. (transitive) to put on (clothes, which fit around a part of the body; a sword)
  2. (transitive) to wrap round
  3. (figuratively) to don (an item of ceremonious clothing)

Conjugation

This verb conjugates as a third-group verb. This verb ends in a palatal stem, so there is an extra i before the e of some endings. This verb has irregularities in its conjugation. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

    Conjugation of ceindre (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
simple compound
infinitive ceindre avoir ceint
gerund en ceignant Use the gerund of avoir followed by the past participle
present participle ceignant
past participle ceint
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative jo tu il nos vos il
simple
tenses		 present ceing ceinz ceint ceignons ceigniez ceignent
imperfect ceignoie, ceigneie ceignoies, ceigneies ceignoit, ceigneit ceigniiens, ceigniens ceigniiez, ceigniez ceignoient, ceigneient
preterite ceins ceinsis ceinst ceinsimes ceinsistes ceinstrent
future ceindrai ceindras ceindra ceindrons ceindroiz, ceindreiz, ceindrez ceindront
conditional ceindroie, ceindreie ceindroies, ceindreies ceindroit, ceindreit ceindriiens, ceindriens ceindriiez, ceindriez ceindroient, ceindreient
compound
tenses		 present perfect Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle
pluperfect Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle
past anterior Use the preterite tense of avoir followed by the past participle
future perfect Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle
conditional perfect Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle
subjunctive que jo que tu qu’il que nos que vos qu’il
simple
tenses		 present ceigne ceignes ceigne ceigniens, ceignons ceigniez ceignent
imperfect ceinsisse ceinsisses ceinsist ceinsissons, ceinsissiens ceinsissoiz, ceinsissez, ceinsissiez ceinsissent
compound
tenses		 past Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle
pluperfect Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle
imperative – tu – nos vos –
— ceing — ceignons ceigniez —

Descendants

References

  • “Appendix E: Irregular Verbs” in E. Einhorn (1974), Old French: A Concise Handbook, Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 150
  • Godefroy, Frédéric, Dictionnaire de l'ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes du IXe au XVe siècle (1881) (ceindre, supplement)
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