ailid
Old Irish
Etymology
From Proto-Celtic *aleti, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂életi. Cognate with Middle Welsh Middle Welsh alu (“bear young”), Latin alō (“I feed, nourish”), Old English alan (“to nourish”).
The future stem has eb- extracted from reduplicated futures like ebarthi (“will bestow it”) (from Proto-Celtic *ɸiɸrāti) and ·ebla¹ (“will drive”) (from Proto-Celtic *ɸiɸlāti) and reinterpreted as a future marker.[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈalʲiðʲ/
Verb
ailid (conjunct ·ail, verbal noun altram)
Conjugation
Simple, class B I present, t preterite, reduplicated a future, a subjunctive
| 1st sg. | 2nd sg. | 3rd sg. | 1st pl. | 2nd pl. | 3rd pl. | Passive sg. | Passive pl. | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present | Abs. | ailit | ailtir | ||||||
| Conj. | ·ail | ·alar | |||||||
| Rel. | ailes | ailte | |||||||
| Imperfect | |||||||||
| Preterite | Abs. | altae | |||||||
| Conj. | ·alt | ·altammar | ·altatar | ·alt | |||||
| Rel. | altae | ||||||||
| Perfect | Deut. | ||||||||
| Prot. | |||||||||
| Future | Abs. | ebeltair | |||||||
| Conj. | ·ebela, ·ebla | ||||||||
| Rel. | |||||||||
| Conditional | ·ebelad | ·ebeltae | |||||||
| Present subjunctive | Abs. | ||||||||
| Conj. | |||||||||
| Rel. | |||||||||
| Past subjunctive | ·almais | ||||||||
| Imperative | |||||||||
| Verbal noun | altram | ||||||||
| Past participle | ailte, altai (plural) | ||||||||
| Verbal of necessity | |||||||||
Descendants
- Irish: oil
Mutation
| Old Irish mutation | ||
|---|---|---|
| Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
| ailid | unchanged | n-ailid |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | ||
References
- ↑ Thurneysen, Grammar of Old Irish, § 649
Further reading
- “ailid” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.
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