親愛

See also: 亲爱

Chinese

		dear; intimate; parent dear; intimate; parent; relation; closely related; parents-in-law of one's offspring	to love; affection; to be fond of to love; affection; to be fond of; to like
trad. (親愛)		親	愛
simp. (亲爱)		亲	爱

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): qīn'ài

(Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄣㄞˋ

(Dungan, Cyrillic): щинэ (II-III)
Cantonese (Jyutping): can¹ oi³
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhîn-oi
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): chhin-ài

(Teochew, Peng'im): cing¹ ain³

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: qīn'ài
  - Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄣㄞˋ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chinay
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰin⁵⁵ ˀaɪ̯⁵¹/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic: щинэ (II-III)
  - IPA ^(key): /ɕĩ⁵¹ ɛː⁴⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: can¹ oi³
  - Yale: chān oi
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tsan¹ oi³
  - Guangdong Romanization: cen¹ oi³
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɐn⁵⁵ ɔːi̯³³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhîn-oi
  - Hakka Romanization System: qin´ oi
  - Hagfa Pinyim: qin¹ oi⁴
  - IPA: /t͡ɕʰin²⁴⁻¹¹ o̯i⁵⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhin-ài
  - Tâi-lô: tshin-ài
  - Phofsit Daibuun: chin'aix
  - IPA (Xiamen): /t͡ɕʰin⁴⁴⁻²² aɪ²¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡ɕʰin³³ aɪ⁴¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡ɕʰin⁴⁴⁻²² aɪ²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡ɕʰin⁴⁴⁻³³ aɪ¹¹/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡ɕʰin⁴⁴⁻³³ aɪ²¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: cing¹ ain³
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshing àiⁿ
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰiŋ³³⁻²³ ãĩ²¹³/

Adjective

親愛

beloved; cherished; dear
親愛的小孩 / 亲爱的小孩 ― qīn'ài de xiǎohái ― beloved child
dear, as used to address someone at the beginning of a letter
親愛的史密斯先生 [MSC, trad.]
亲爱的史密斯先生 [MSC, simp.]
qīn'ài de Shǐmìsī xiānshēng [Pinyin]
Dear Mr. Smith

Derived terms

親愛的／亲爱的 (qīn'ài de)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
親	愛
しん Grade: 2	あい Grade: 4
on’yomi

Pronunciation

On’yomi
- (Tokyo) しんあい [shìń'áí] (Heiban – [0])^[1]
- IPA^(key): [ɕĩɰ̃a̠i]

Noun

親愛 (hiragana しんあい, rōmaji shin'ai)

deep affection

Usage notes

May be used in the form 親愛なる to mean dear….
親愛 (しんあい)なる旧 (きゅう)友 (ゆう)
shin'ai naru kyūyū
dear old friend

References

↑ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
親	愛

Noun

親愛 • (chinae) (hangeul 친애)

Hanja form^? of 친애 (“deep affection”).

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