西瓜

Chinese

		west	melon; claw; gourd melon; claw; gourd; squash
simp. and trad. (西瓜)		西	瓜
Literally: “western melon”.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): xīguā

(Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄍㄨㄚ
Cantonese
(Guangzhou, Jyutping): sai¹ gwaa¹

(Taishan, Wiktionary): lhai¹ ga¹
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sî-kôa
Min Dong (BUC): să̤-guă
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): si-koe / se-koe / si-koa / sai-koe

(Teochew, Peng'im): si¹ guê¹
Wu (Wiktionary): xi ko (T1)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: xīguā → xīgua (toneless final syllable variant)
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄍㄨㄚ → ㄒㄧ ˙ㄍㄨㄚ (toneless final syllable variant)
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shi.gua
  - IPA ^(key): /ɕi⁵⁵ ku̯a̠⁵⁵/ → /ɕi⁵⁵ g̊u̯a̠²/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: sai¹ gwaa¹
  - Yale: sāi gwā
  - Cantonese Pinyin: sai¹ gwaa¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: sei¹ gua¹
  - IPA ^(key): /sɐi̯⁵⁵ kʷɑː⁵⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: lhai¹ ga¹
  - IPA ^(key): /ɬai³³ ka³³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sî-kôa
  - Hakka Romanization System: xi´ gua´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: xi¹ gua¹
  - IPA: /ɕi²⁴⁻¹¹ ku̯a²⁴/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: să̤-guă
  - IPA ^(key): /sɛ⁵⁵ ^(k-)ua⁵⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Taichung, Hsinchu, Yilan, Lukang)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: si-koe
  - Tâi-lô: si-kue
  - Phofsit Daibuun: si'koef
  - IPA (Xiamen): /ɕi⁴⁴⁻²² kue⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /ɕi⁴⁴⁻³³ kue⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ɕi³³ kue³³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Sanxia, Philippines, Jinjiang)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: se-koe
  - Tâi-lô: se-kue
  - Phofsit Daibuun: se'koef
  - IPA (Xiamen): /se⁴⁴⁻²² kue⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Philippines, Jinjiang): /se³³ kue³³/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Penang)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: si-koa
  - Tâi-lô: si-kua
  - Phofsit Daibuun: si'koaf
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɕi⁴⁴⁻²² kua⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Penang): /ɕi³³⁻²¹ kua³³/
- (Hokkien: rare in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sai-koe
  - Tâi-lô: sai-kue
  - Phofsit Daibuun: sai'koef
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /saɪ⁴⁴⁻³³ kue⁴⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: si¹ guê¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: si kue
  - IPA ^(key): /si³³⁻²³ kue³³/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: xi ko (T1)
  - IPA ^(key): /ɕi⁵⁵ ko²¹/

Noun

西瓜

watermelon

Derived terms

西瓜子 (xīguāzǐ)
西瓜帽

西瓜頭／西瓜头 (xīguātóu)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (西瓜):

Japanese: 西瓜 (すいか) (suika)
Korean: 서과 (西瓜, seogwa)

Mongolian: шийгуа (šijgua)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
西	瓜
Grade: 2	Jinmeiyō
Irregular

Etymology

From Middle Chinese compound 西瓜 (sej kwæ, literally “west + melon”). Compare modern Mandarin 西瓜 (xīguā, “watermelon”). sui is the 唐音 of 西. There is an alternative spelling of 水瓜, which may be seen as both ateji and a calque of English watermelon.

Pronunciation

(Irregular reading)
- (Tokyo) すいか [sùíká] (Heiban – [0])^[1]
- IPA^(key): [sɨᵝika̠]

Noun

西瓜 (hiragana すいか, katakana スイカ, rōmaji suika, historical hiragana すいくわ)

watermelon

Derived terms

西瓜糖 (すいかとう) (suikatō, “watermelon sugar, sugar made by concentrating watermelon juice”)
西瓜割 (すいかわ)り (suikawari, “a traditional Japanese game that involves splitting a watermelon with a stick whilst blindfolded”)

References

↑ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

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[DJR-1] 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN