菖蒲

Chinese

calamus calamus
trad. (菖蒲) 菖 蒲
simp. #(菖蒲) 菖 蒲

Pronunciation

Noun

菖蒲

  1. Acorus calamus; sweet sedge; iris

Japanese

Kanji in this term
菖 蒲
Jinmeiyō Jinmeiyō
Irregular
あやめ

Etymology 1

Shift in meaning from 漢女 (ayame), a compound of 漢 (aya, “Chinese”, appears in ancient clan names referring to very early Chinese immigrants to Japan) +‎ 女 (me, “woman”), in reference to the earliest producers of textiles as a metaphor for the colorful patterns of the flowers.[1]

Pronunciation

Noun

菖蒲 (hiragana あやめ, katakana アヤメ, rōmaji ayame)

  1. iris (flower)
  2. short for 菖蒲襲 (ayamegasane): a style of kimono layering consisting of a blue outer layer and a light pink inner layer, traditionally worn in the month of May
  3. (archaic, poetic) the month of May
  4. (card games) in hanafuda, the card representing the month of May
Usage notes

As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts, as アヤメ.

Proper noun

菖蒲 (hiragana あやめ, rōmaji Ayame)

  1. A female given name.

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
菖 蒲
しょう
Jinmeiyō		 ぶ
Jinmeiyō
on’yomi

/ɕaubu/ → /ɕɔːbu/ → /ɕoːbu/

From Middle Chinese 菖蒲 (MC t͡ɕʰɨɐŋ buo, literally “iris + bulrush, cattail; vine”).

Pronunciation

Noun

菖蒲 (hiragana しょうぶ, rōmaji shōbu, historical hiragana しやうぶ)

  1. iris (flower)
  2. (card games) in hanafuda, the card representing the month of May
  3. short for 菖蒲襲 (shōbugasane): a style of kimono layering consisting of a blue outer layer and a light pink inner layer, traditionally worn in the month of May

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
菖 蒲
そう
Jinmeiyō		 ぶ
Jinmeiyō
Irregular

Shift in pronunciation from shōbu above.[1][2][3]

Pronunciation

  • (Irregular reading)

Noun

菖蒲 (hiragana そうぶ, rōmaji sōbu, historical hiragana さうぶ)

  1. iris (flower)
  2. short for 菖蒲襲 (sōbugasane): a style of kimono layering consisting of a blue outer layer and a light pink inner layer, traditionally worn in the month of May

References

  1. 1 2 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
  2. 1 2 3 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. ↑ 1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
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