苦瓜

Chinese

		bitter; intensely; miserable bitter; intensely; miserable; painful	melon; claw; gourd melon; claw; gourd; squash
trad. (苦瓜)		苦	瓜
simp. ^#(苦瓜)		苦	瓜

苦瓜

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): kǔguā

(Zhuyin): ㄎㄨˇ ㄍㄨㄚ
Cantonese (Jyutping): fu² gwaa¹
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): khó͘-koe

(Teochew, Peng'im): kou² guê¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: kǔguā
  - Zhuyin: ㄎㄨˇ ㄍㄨㄚ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kuugua
  - IPA ^(key): /kʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹¹ ku̯a̠⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: fu² gwaa¹
  - Yale: fú gwā
  - Cantonese Pinyin: fu² gwaa¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: fu² gua¹
  - IPA ^(key): /fuː³⁵ kʷɑː⁵⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khó͘-koe
  - Tâi-lô: khóo-kue
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qofkoef
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kue⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kue³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kue⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kue⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kue⁴⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: kou² guê¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: khóu kue
  - IPA ^(key): /kʰou⁵²⁻³⁵ kue³³/

Noun

苦瓜

bitter melon; bitter gourd

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 苦瓜 (“bitter melon”) [map]
Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		苦瓜
Taxonomic name		苦瓜
Mandarin	Beijing	苦瓜
	Taiwan	苦瓜
	Harbin	苦瓜、癩瓜
	Jinan	苦瓜
	Luoyang	苦瓜
	Xi'an	苦瓜
	Xining	苦瓜
	Xuzhou	苦瓜
	Yinchuan	苦瓜
	Lanzhou	苦瓜
	Ürümqi	苦瓜
	Wuhan	苦瓜
	Chengdu	苦瓜
	Guiyang	苦瓜
	Liuzhou	苦瓜
	Nanjing	癩葡萄、苦瓜
Cantonese	Guangzhou	苦瓜、涼瓜、菩薘 dated
	Hong Kong	苦瓜、涼瓜、菩薘 dated
	Dongguan	苦瓜、涼瓜、菩薘
	Hong Kong (Weitou)	菩薘
	Taishan	苦瓜
Gan	Nanchang	苦瓜
	Lichuan	苦瓜
	Pingxiang	苦瓜
Hakka	Meixian	苦瓜
	Yudu	苦瓜
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	苦瓜
	Liudui (S. Sixian)	苦瓜
	Hsinchu (Hailu)	苦瓜
	Dongshi (Dabu)	苦瓜
	Zhuolan (Raoping)	苦瓜
	Yunlin (Zhao'an)	苦瓜
	Hong Kong	苦瓜
Jin	Taiyuan	苦瓜
Min Bei	Jian'ou	苦瓜
Min Dong	Fuzhou	苦瓜
Min Nan	Xiamen	苦瓜
	Taipei	苦瓜
	Kaohsiung	苦瓜
	Haikou	苦瓜
Pinghua	Nanning	苦瓜
Wu	Shanghai	苦瓜
	Suzhou	苦瓜
	Hangzhou	苦瓜
	Wenzhou	紅瓤
	Danyang	癩葡萄瓜
	Jinhua	苦瓜
	Ningbo	苦瓜
Xiang	Changsha	苦瓜
Xiang	Loudi	苦瓜

Derived terms

印度苦瓜

苦瓜臉／苦瓜脸 (kǔguāliǎn)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (苦瓜):

Vietnamese: khổ qua (苦瓜)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
苦	瓜
にが Grade: 3	うり Jinmeiyō
kun’yomi

Etymology

苦 (niga, “bitter”) +‎ 瓜 (uri, “gourd”)

Pronunciation

Kun’yomi
- (Tokyo) にがうり [nìgáꜜùrì] (Nakadaka – [2])
- (Tokyo) にがうり [nìgáúrí] (Heiban – [0])
- (Tokyo) にがうり [nìgáúꜜrì] (Nakadaka – [3])
- IPA^(key): [ɲ̟iɡa̠ɯ̟ᵝɾʲi]

Noun

苦瓜 (hiragana にがうり, katakana ニガウリ, rōmaji nigauri)
(alternative reading hiragana にがごい, romaji nigagoi) (Kagoshima dialect)
(alternative reading hiragana にがごり, romaji nigagori) (Miyazaki dialect)

bitter melon; bitter gourd

Synonyms

蔓 (ツル)茘 (レイ)枝 (シ) (tsurureishi)

Okinawan

Noun

苦瓜 (hiragana ごーやー, romaji gōyā)

bitter melon; bitter gourd

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