炭素

Chinese

		charcoal	plain; element
trad. (炭素)		炭	素
simp. ^#(炭素)		炭	素

Etymology

Borrowing from Japanese 炭 (たん)素 (そ) (tanso).

Pronunciation

Min Nan (POJ): thòaⁿ-sò͘

Min Nan
- (Hokkien: mainstream Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thòaⁿ-sò͘
  - Tâi-lô: thuànn-sòo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: tvoarsox
  - IPA (Taipei): /tʰuã¹¹⁻⁵³ sɔ¹¹/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰuã²¹⁻⁴¹ sɔ²¹/

Noun

炭素

(Taiwanese Min Nan) carbon

Japanese

Chemical element
C	Previous: ホウ素 (そ) (hōso) (B)
C	Next: 窒 (ちっ)素 (そ) (chisso) (N)

Kanji in this term
炭	素
たん Grade: 3	そ Grade: 5
on’yomi

Etymology

Compound of 炭 (tan, “coal”) +‎ 素 (so, “element”), calque of Dutch koolstof (literally “coal stuff”). Compare also German Kohlenstoff, Luxembourgish Kuelestoff, Danish kulstof.

Considered to be used first in Udagawa Yōan's 1837 book Introduction to Chemistry (舎密開宗 (Seimi Kaisō)), a compilation of various scientific books translated from Dutch.

Pronunciation

On’yomi: Kan’on
- (Tokyo) たんそ [táꜜǹsò] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]^[2]^[3]
- IPA^(key): [tã̠ɰ̃so̞]

Noun

炭素 (hiragana たんそ, rōmaji tanso)

carbon (chemical element)
Synonym: カーボン (kābon)

Derived terms

炭素鋼 (tansokō): carbon steel
炭素税 (tansozei): carbon tax
炭素繊維 (tanso sen'i): carbon fiber
炭素中立 (tanso chūritsu): carbon-neutral
炭素１４, 炭素一四 (tanso jūshi): carbon-14
炭素１４法, 炭素一四法 (tanso jūshihō): carbon-14 dating
炭素クレジット (tanso kurejitto): carbon credit
炭素化合物 (tanso kagōbutsu): carbon compounds
高炭素鋼 (kōtansokō): high-carbon steel
含水炭素 (gansui tanso): carbohydrate
酸化炭素 (sanka tanso): carbon oxide
一酸化炭素 (issanka tanso): carbon monoxide

四塩化炭素 (shienka tanso): carbon tetrachloride
次酸化炭素 (jisanka tanso): carbon suboxide
二酸化炭素 (nisanka tanso): carbon dioxide
二硫化炭素 (niryūka tanso): carbon disulfide
放射性炭素 (hōshasei tanso): radiocarbon
無定形炭素 (muteikei tanso): amorphous carbon
一酸化炭素中毒 (issanka tanso chūdoku): carbon monoxide poisoning
二酸化炭素排出権 (nisanka tanso-haishutsuken): right to emit carbon dioxide
二酸化炭素削減義務 (nisanka tanso sakugen gimu): carbon dioxide reducing obligation
二酸化炭素削減目標 (nisanka tanso sakugen mokuhyō): CO2-reduction goal
放射性炭素年代測定 (hōshasei tanso nendai sokutei): radiocarbon dating

Descendants

→ Korean: 탄소 (tanso)
→ Min Nan: 炭素 (thòaⁿ-sò͘)

References

↑ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
↑ 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
↑ 1997, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.

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[DJR-1] 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NHK-2] 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

[SMK5-3] 1997, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN