沢山

Japanese

Kanji in this term
沢 山
たく
Grade: S		 さん
Grade: 1
on’yomi

Etymology

Origin unknown.[1]

Pronunciation

Adjective

沢山 (hiragana たくさん, rōmaji takusan)

  1. many, numerous

Usage notes

  • In classical Japanese, used with なる (naru) to modify nouns:
    沢山 (たくさん)なる人々 (ひとびと) ― takusan naru hitobito ― many people
  • In modern Japanese, used with the particle の (no) to modify nouns:
    沢山 (たくさん)の人々 (ひとびと) ― takusan no hitobito ― many people

Adverb

沢山 (hiragana たくさん, rōmaji takusan)

  1. much, a great deal, liberally, a lot

Usage notes

  • Unlike many other adjectival nouns that have adverbial senses, 沢山 as an adverb omits the particle に (ni) when used before a verb. Compare:
    Correct:
    ケーキを静 (しず)かに食 (た)べました。 ― Kēki o shizuka ni tabemashita. ― We ate cake quietly.
    Incorrect:
    ケーキを静 (しず)か食 (た)べました。 ― Kēki o shizuka tabemashita. ― We quiet ate cake.
    Incorrect:
    ケーキを沢山 (たくさん)に食 (た)べました。 ― Kēki o takusan ni tabemashita. ― We ate cake manily.
    Correct:
    ケーキを沢山 (たくさん)食 (た)べました。 ― Kēki o takusan tabemashita. ― We ate a lot of cake.

Noun

沢山 (hiragana たくさん, rōmaji takusan)

  1. much, a lot

Synonyms

References

  1. ↑ 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
  2. 1 2 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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