損なう

Japanese

Kanji in this term
損
そこ Grade: 5
kun’yomi

Alternative forms

害う

Pronunciation

Kun’yomi
- (Tokyo) そこなう [sòkónáꜜù] (Nakadaka – [3])^[1]
- IPA^(key): [so̞ko̞na̠ɯ̟ᵝ]

Verb

損なう (transitive, godan conjugation, hiragana そこなう, rōmaji sokonau, historical hiragana そこなふ)

to damage, to spoil, to blemish

Conjugation

Conjugation of "損なう" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形)	損なわ	そこなわ	sokonawa
Continuative (連用形)	損ない	そこない	sokonai
Terminal (終止形)	損なう	そこなう	sokonau
Attributive (連体形)	損なう	そこなう	sokonau
Hypothetical (仮定形)	損なえ	そこなえ	sokonae
Imperative (命令形)	損なえ	そこなえ	sokonae
Key constructions
Passive	損なわれる	そこなわれる	sokonawareru
Causative	損なわせる損なわす	そこなわせるそこなわす	sokonawaseru sokonawasu
Potential	損なえる	そこなえる	sokonaeru
Volitional	損なおう	そこなおう	sokonaō
Negative	損なわない	そこなわない	sokonawanai
Negative continuative	損なわず	そこなわず	sokonawazu
Formal	損ないます	そこないます	sokonaimasu
Perfective	損なった	そこなった	sokonatta
Conjunctive	損なって	そこなって	sokonatte
Hypothetical conditional	損なえば	そこなえば	sokonaeba

Suffix

損なう (hiragana そこなう, rōmaji -sokonau, historical hiragana そこなふ)

to fail to do
almost; nearly; narrowly

Usage notes

Attaches to the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verbs.

References

↑ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

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