戦う

Japanese

Kanji in this term
戦
たたか(う)
Grade: 4
kun’yomi

Alternative forms

Etymology

From classical verb 戦ふ (tatakafu), derived from the 未然形 (mizenkei, “incomplete form”) tataka of verb 叩く (tataku, “to strike”) + auxiliary verb ふ (fu, indicating repetitive or ongoing action) → “to strike repeatedly” → “to fight”.[1][2][3]

Pronunciation

Verb

戦う (shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai kanji 戰う, godan conjugation, hiragana たたかう, rōmaji tatakau, historical hiragana たたかふ)

  1. to battle, to fight, to wage war
    • 1916, 和辻哲郎, 転向:
      しかしこの敵 (てき)と戦 (たたか)っている間 (あいだ)に、他 (ほか)の敵 (てき)が背後 (はいご)へ回 (まわ)っていた。
      Shikashi kono teki to tatakatte iru aida ni, hoka no teki ga haigo e mawatte ita.
      But while he was battling this enemy, another had come up behind him.
    • 1922, 寺田寅彦, 亮の追憶:
      しかし自 (じ)分 (ぶん)の弱 (よわ)さと戦 (たたか)う戦 (せん)士 (し)としては決 (けっ)して弱 (よわ)くなかった。
      Shikashi jibun no yowasa to tatakau senshi toshite wa kesshite yowakunakatta.
      Yet he was not a weak soldier as a soldier fighting his own weakness.
    Synonym: 戦争する (sensō suru) (wage war)
  2. to compete (in a match, for example)
    Synonyms: 競争する (kyōsō suru), 試合する (shiai suru), 勝負する (shōbu suru), 争う (arasou)
  3. to contend (for one's own interests)
    Synonym: 争う (arasou)
  4. (figuratively) to get through with one's sufferings or difficulties (Can we verify(+) this sense?)
  5. (literally) to hit or strike repeatedly
    Synonym: 乱打する (randa suru)

Conjugation

Usage notes

The 戦う spelling is used in a broader sense than 闘う:

敵国 (てっこく)と戦 (たたか)う
tekkoku to tatakau
battle in an enemy country
選 (せん)挙 (きょ)で戦 (たたか)う
senkyo de tatakau
compete in the elections
暑 (あつ)さと闘 (たたか)う
atsusa to tatakau
beat the heat

Derived terms

See also

References

  1. ↑ 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
  2. 1 2 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. ↑ 1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  4. ↑ 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
  5. 1 2 1997, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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