含む

Japanese

Kanji in this term
含
Grade: S

Alternative forms

銜む

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) ふくむ [fùkúꜜmù] (Nakadaka – [2])^[1]^[2]
IPA^(key): [ɸɯ̟ᵝkɯ̟ᵝmɯ̟ᵝ]

Verb

含む (transitive, godan conjugation, hiragana ふくむ, rōmaji fukumu)

include, contain
imply

Conjugation

Conjugation of "含む" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形)	含ま	ふくま	fukuma
Continuative (連用形)	含み	ふくみ	fukumi
Terminal (終止形)	含む	ふくむ	fukumu
Attributive (連体形)	含む	ふくむ	fukumu
Hypothetical (仮定形)	含め	ふくめ	fukume
Imperative (命令形)	含め	ふくめ	fukume
Key constructions
Passive	含まれる	ふくまれる	fukumareru
Causative	含ませる含ます	ふくませるふくます	fukumaseru fukumasu
Potential	含める	ふくめる	fukumeru
Volitional	含もう	ふくもう	fukumō
Negative	含まない	ふくまない	fukumanai
Negative continuative	含まず	ふくまず	fukumazu
Formal	含みます	ふくみます	fukumimasu
Perfective	含んだ	ふくんだ	fukunda
Conjunctive	含んで	ふくんで	fukunde
Hypothetical conditional	含めば	ふくめば	fukumeba

References

↑ 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
↑ 1974, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Second Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō

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