おはよう

Japanese

Alternative forms

  • 御早う, お早う

Etymology

Originally a compound of 御 (o, honorific prefix) +‎ 早く (hayaku, “early”, adverb), from adjective 早い (hayai, “early”).[1][2][3]

Modern Japanese -i adjectives formerly ended in -ki for the attributive form. This medial /k/ dropped out during the Muromachi period, both for the attributive form (-ki becoming -i) and for the adverbial form (-ku becoming -u). However, the adverbial form reverted back to -ku thereafter for most words, with the -u ending persisting in certain everyday set expressions, such as arigatō, ohayō, or omedetō, and in hyper-formal speech.

/ohayaku/ → /ohayau/ → /ohayoː/

Pronunciation

Interjection

おはよう (rōmaji ohayō, historical hiragana おはやう)

  1. good morning

Usage notes

Most often written in hiragana. May occasionally be seen spelled in kanji, generally for more formal writing. Usually followed by ございます (gozaimasu, “it is”, formal) in less casual contexts.[1][2][3]

Derived terms

References

  1. 1 2 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
  2. 1 2 1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  3. 1 2 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Further reading

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