ṯz

See also: tz, .tz, and TZ

Egyptian

Pronunciation

(modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /t͡ʃɛz/
- Conventional anglicization: tjez

Noun

m

vertebra
(by extension) spine

Inflection

Declension of ṯz (masculine)

singular	ṯz
dual	ṯzwj
plural	ṯzw

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ṯz

ṯz

Derived terms

ṯzw bksw (“spine”)

Noun

m

neck

Inflection

Declension of ṯz (masculine)

singular	ṯz
dual	ṯzwj
plural	ṯzw

Noun

m

support

Inflection

Declension of ṯz (masculine)

singular	ṯz
dual	ṯzwj
plural	ṯzw

Noun

m

sand dune
(by extension) drought

Inflection

Declension of ṯz (masculine)

singular	ṯz
dual	ṯzwj
plural	ṯzw

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ṯz

ṯz

Noun

m

sentence

Inflection

Declension of ṯz (masculine)

singular	ṯz
dual	ṯzwj
plural	ṯzw

Verb

2-lit. or 3-lit.

(transitive) to tie, to knot
(transitive) to weave
(transitive) to join or put together
(transitive) to build
(transitive) to organise or marshal, especially of troops
(transitive) to levy (troops or laborers)
(intransitive) to clot, to coagulate

Inflection

Conjugation of ṯz (biliteral / 2-lit. / 2rad.) — base stem: ṯz, geminated stem: ṯzz

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive¹	singular	plural
ṯz	ṯzw, ṯz	ṯzt	ṯz, j.ṯz	ṯz, j.ṯz

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective²		periphrastic prospective²
ṯz	ḥr ṯz	m ṯz	r ṯz

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	passive	contingent
aspect / mood	active	passive	aspect / mood	active	passive
perfect	ṯz.n	ṯzw, ṯz	consecutive	ṯz.jn	active + .tj¹, .tw²
perfect	ṯz.n	active + .tj¹, .tw²
terminative	ṯzt
perfective³	ṯz	active + .tj¹, .tw²	obligative	ṯz.ḫr	active + .tj¹, .tw²
imperfective	ṯz, j.ṯz¹	active + .tj¹, .tw²	obligative	ṯz.ḫr	active + .tj¹, .tw²
prospective³	ṯz	ṯzz	potentialis	ṯz.kꜣ	active + .tj¹, .tw²
prospective³	ṯz	active + .tj¹, .tw²
subjunctive	ṯz, j.ṯz¹	active + .tj¹, .tw²

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms		participles
aspect / mood	active	passive	active	passive
perfect	ṯz.n	active + .tj¹, .tw²	—	—
perfective	ṯz	active + .tj¹, .tw²	ṯz	ṯzz, ṯzzj⁶, ṯz², ṯzw^{2 5}, ṯzy^{2 5}
imperfective	j.ṯz¹, ṯz, ṯzy, ṯzw⁵	active + .tj¹, .tw²	j.ṯz¹, j.ṯzw^{1 5}, ṯz, ṯzj⁶, ṯzy⁶	ṯz, ṯzw⁵
prospective	ṯz, ṯztj⁷	—	ṯztj⁴, ṯzt⁴
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine.

Some authors such as Allen read this word as ṯꜣz rather than ṯz, regarding

as a triliteral sign, and so consider this verb a strong triliteral:

Conjugation of ṯꜣz (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: ṯꜣz, geminated stem: ṯꜣzz

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive¹	singular	plural
ṯꜣz	ṯꜣzw, ṯꜣz	ṯꜣzt	ṯꜣz	ṯꜣz

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective²		periphrastic prospective²
ṯꜣz	ḥr ṯꜣz	m ṯꜣz	r ṯꜣz

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	passive	contingent
aspect / mood	active	passive	aspect / mood	active	passive
perfect	ṯꜣz.n	ṯꜣzw, ṯꜣz	consecutive	ṯꜣz.jn	active + .tj¹, .tw²
perfect	ṯꜣz.n	active + .tj¹, .tw²
terminative	ṯꜣzt
perfective³	ṯꜣz	active + .tj¹, .tw²	obligative	ṯꜣz.ḫr	active + .tj¹, .tw²
imperfective	ṯꜣz	active + .tj¹, .tw²	obligative	ṯꜣz.ḫr	active + .tj¹, .tw²
prospective³	ṯꜣz	ṯꜣzz	potentialis	ṯꜣz.kꜣ	active + .tj¹, .tw²
prospective³	ṯꜣz	active + .tj¹, .tw²
subjunctive	ṯꜣz	active + .tj¹, .tw²

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms		participles
aspect / mood	active	passive	active	passive
perfect	ṯꜣz.n	active + .tj¹, .tw²	—	—
perfective	ṯꜣz	active + .tj¹, .tw²	ṯꜣz	ṯꜣz, ṯꜣzw⁵, ṯꜣzy⁵
imperfective	ṯꜣz, ṯꜣzy, ṯꜣzw⁵	active + .tj¹, .tw²	ṯꜣz, ṯꜣzj⁶, ṯꜣzy⁶	ṯꜣz, ṯꜣzw⁵
prospective	ṯꜣz, ṯꜣztj⁷	—	ṯꜣztj⁴, ṯꜣzt⁴
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine.

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ṯz

ṯz

Derived terms

wḥꜥ ṯzzt (“resolve, untie”)

References

Faulkner, Raymond (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 307–308
Allen, James (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, revised second edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 132, 184, 292

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