ḏbꜥ

Egyptian

**Egyptian numbers (edit)**
	100000
	𓂭 10,000
	1000
Cardinal: ḏbꜥ Ordinal: mḥ-ḏbꜥ

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

(reconstructed) IPA^(key): /cʼaˈbaʕ/ → /tʼaˈbaʕ/ → /tʼəˈβaʕ/

(modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /d͡ʒɛbɑː/
- Conventional anglicization: djeba

Numeral

(cardinal) ten thousand

Inflection

Declension of ḏbꜥ

	masculine	feminine
singular	ḏbꜥ	—

Descendants

Coptic: ⲧⲃⲁ (tba) – Sahidic; ⲑⲃⲁ (thba) – Bohairic

Etymology 2

Noun

m

(anatomy) a finger (inclusive of the thumb) [since the Pyramid Texts]
(anatomy) a digit: a finger, thumb, or toe [Late Egyptian]
(units of measure) a digit: a measure of length equal to ¹⁄₂₈ cubit (about 1.88 cm). [since the Old Kingdom]

Usage notes

In Old Egyptian the sign

in this word was generally mirrored compared to the orientation shown here. Later writings use the unmirrored orientation.

Inflection

Declension of ḏbꜥ (masculine)

singular	ḏbꜥ
dual	ḏbꜥwj
plural	ḏbꜥw

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ḏbꜥ

ḏbꜥ

[Old Kingdom and Late Period]

[chiefly since the Middle Kingdom]

[chiefly since the New Kingdom]

in papyri

Derived terms

ḏbꜥwt (“signet”)
jr ḏbꜥwj (“next to, at one’s side”)

Descendants

Coptic: ⲧⲏⲏⲃⲉ (tēēbe) – Sahidic; ⲧⲏⲃ (tēb) – Bohairic

Verb

3-lit.

(transitive with m) to point one’s finger at, especially in reproach or objection [Middle Kingdom]
(transitive, with the heart as object) to rebuke (one’s heart) [Book of the Dead]

Inflection

Conjugation of ḏbꜥ (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: ḏbꜥ, geminated stem: ḏbꜥꜥ

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive¹	singular	plural
ḏbꜥ	ḏbꜥw, ḏbꜥ	ḏbꜥt	ḏbꜥ	ḏbꜥ

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective²		periphrastic prospective²
ḏbꜥ	ḥr ḏbꜥ	m ḏbꜥ	r ḏbꜥ

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	passive	contingent
aspect / mood	active	passive	aspect / mood	active	passive
perfect	ḏbꜥ.n	ḏbꜥw, ḏbꜥ	consecutive	ḏbꜥ.jn	active + .tj¹, .tw²
perfect	ḏbꜥ.n	active + .tj¹, .tw²
terminative	ḏbꜥt
perfective³	ḏbꜥ	active + .tj¹, .tw²	obligative	ḏbꜥ.ḫr	active + .tj¹, .tw²
imperfective	ḏbꜥ	active + .tj¹, .tw²	obligative	ḏbꜥ.ḫr	active + .tj¹, .tw²
prospective³	ḏbꜥ	ḏbꜥꜥ	potentialis	ḏbꜥ.kꜣ	active + .tj¹, .tw²
prospective³	ḏbꜥ	active + .tj¹, .tw²
subjunctive	ḏbꜥ	active + .tj¹, .tw²

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms		participles
aspect / mood	active	passive	active	passive
perfect	ḏbꜥ.n	active + .tj¹, .tw²	—	—
perfective	ḏbꜥ	active + .tj¹, .tw²	ḏbꜥ	ḏbꜥ, ḏbꜥw⁵, ḏbꜥy⁵
imperfective	ḏbꜥ, ḏbꜥy, ḏbꜥw⁵	active + .tj¹, .tw²	ḏbꜥ, ḏbꜥj⁶, ḏbꜥy⁶	ḏbꜥ, ḏbꜥw⁵
prospective	ḏbꜥ, ḏbꜥtj⁷	—	ḏbꜥtj⁴, ḏbꜥt⁴
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine.

Derived terms

ḏbꜥw (“reproach, rebuke”)

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

(reconstructed Old Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈɟaːbaʕ/ (infinitive)^[2]

(modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /d͡ʒɛbɑː/
- Conventional anglicization: djeba

Verb

3-lit.

(transitive) to seal up (wine or grain)
(transitive) to seal, to place a seal upon (+ m or + ḥr: to seal with)

Inflection

Conjugation of ḏbꜥ (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: ḏbꜥ, geminated stem: ḏbꜥꜥ

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive¹	singular	plural
ḏbꜥ	ḏbꜥw, ḏbꜥ	ḏbꜥt	ḏbꜥ	ḏbꜥ

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective²		periphrastic prospective²
ḏbꜥ	ḥr ḏbꜥ	m ḏbꜥ	r ḏbꜥ

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	passive	contingent
aspect / mood	active	passive	aspect / mood	active	passive
perfect	ḏbꜥ.n	ḏbꜥw, ḏbꜥ	consecutive	ḏbꜥ.jn	active + .tj¹, .tw²
perfect	ḏbꜥ.n	active + .tj¹, .tw²
terminative	ḏbꜥt
perfective³	ḏbꜥ	active + .tj¹, .tw²	obligative	ḏbꜥ.ḫr	active + .tj¹, .tw²
imperfective	ḏbꜥ	active + .tj¹, .tw²	obligative	ḏbꜥ.ḫr	active + .tj¹, .tw²
prospective³	ḏbꜥ	ḏbꜥꜥ	potentialis	ḏbꜥ.kꜣ	active + .tj¹, .tw²
prospective³	ḏbꜥ	active + .tj¹, .tw²
subjunctive	ḏbꜥ	active + .tj¹, .tw²

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms		participles
aspect / mood	active	passive	active	passive
perfect	ḏbꜥ.n	active + .tj¹, .tw²	—	—
perfective	ḏbꜥ	active + .tj¹, .tw²	ḏbꜥ	ḏbꜥ, ḏbꜥw⁵, ḏbꜥy⁵
imperfective	ḏbꜥ, ḏbꜥy, ḏbꜥw⁵	active + .tj¹, .tw²	ḏbꜥ, ḏbꜥj⁶, ḏbꜥy⁶	ḏbꜥ, ḏbꜥw⁵
prospective	ḏbꜥ, ḏbꜥtj⁷	—	ḏbꜥtj⁴, ḏbꜥt⁴
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine.

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ḏbꜥ

ḏbꜥ

[Late Period]

References

Allen, James (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, revised second edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 101–102, 105
Faulkner, Raymond (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 321
Erman, Adolf; Grapow, Hermann (1926-1961) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache, volume 5, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, page 562.11–566.4, 566.12–566.15, 567.2–567.3

↑ Loprieno, Antonio (1995) Ancient Egyptian: A Linguistic Introduction, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 42, 46, 71
↑ Loprieno, Antonio (1995) Ancient Egyptian: A Linguistic Introduction, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 44

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[1] Loprieno, Antonio (1995) Ancient Egyptian: A Linguistic Introduction, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 42, 46, 71

[2] Loprieno, Antonio (1995) Ancient Egyptian: A Linguistic Introduction, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 44