गुरु

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit गुरु (guru), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷréh₂us.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡʊɾʊ/

Adjective

गुरु • (guru)

1. heavy

   Synonym: भारी (bhārī)

Noun

गुरु • (guru) m

1. guru, teacher, sage
2. (astronomy) Jupiter
3. (slang, sarcastic) a smartass

Noun

गुरु • (guru)

1. teacher

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *gr̥Húṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *gr̥Húš, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷr̥h₂ús (“heavy”). Cognate with Ancient Greek βαρύς (barús), Gothic 𐌺𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌿𐍃 (kaurus, “burdensome”), Latin gravis, Persian گران‎ (gerân).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɡu.ɽú/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈɡu.ɽu/

Adjective

गुरु • (gurú)

1. heavy, weighty
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 4.5.6

     इदं मे अग्ने कियते पावकामिनते गुरुं भारं न मन्म।
     बृहद्दधाथ धृषता गभीरं यह्वं पृष्ठं प्रयसा सप्तधातु॥

     idaṃ me agne kiyate pāvakāminate guruṃ bhāraṃ na manma.
     bṛhaddadhātha dhṛṣatā gabhīraṃ yahvaṃ pṛṣṭhaṃ prayasā saptadhātu.

     To me, weak, innocent, thou, luminous Agni, hast boldly given as ’twere a heavy burthen,
     This Pṛṣṭha hymn, profound and strong and mighty, of seven elements, and with offered dainties.

2. heavy in the stomach (food), difficult to digest
3. great, large, extended, long
4. (in prosody) long by nature or position (a vowel)
5. high in degree, vehement, violent, excessive, difficult, hard
6. grievous
7. important, serious, momentous
8. valuable, highly prized
9. haughty, proud (speech)
10. venerable, respectable

Noun

गुरु • (gurú) m

1. guru
2. any venerable or respectable person (father, mother, or any relative older than oneself)
3. teacher
4. sage