گناه

Etymology

From Persian گناه‎ (gonâh).

Noun

گناه • (günâh)

1. sin

Alternative forms

• گنه‎ (gonah) (archaic)

Etymology

From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (wnʾs /wināh/), 𐫇𐫏𐫗𐫀𐫍‎ (wynʾh /wināh/, “sin, crime”), ultimately from the Proto-Iranian preverb *vi- and the root *nas- (“to disappear; to perish”), from Proto-Indo-European *neḱ- (“to perish, to disappear”). Akin to Old Armenian վնաս (vnas) (from Iranian), Old Georgian უნასი (unasi) (from Iranian), Baluchi [script needed] (gunās), Kurdish binas (binās) and Sanskrit विनाश (vināśa),

Pronunciation

• (Iranian Persian) IPA^(key): /ɡoˈnɒːh/

Noun

گناه • (gonâh) (plural گناهان‎ (gonâhân) or گناه‌ها‎ (gonâh-hâ))

1. sin
2. crime, guilt
   • 11th century, Abul-Fazl Bayhaqi, Tarikh-e Beyhaqi

     ‏امیر گفت: پس از حسنک درین باب چه گناه بوده است؟ که اگر راه بادیه آمدی در خون آنهمه خلق شدی‎

     Amir goft: "pas az Hasanak darin bâb če gonâh bude ast? ke agar râh-e bâdiye âmadi, dar xun-e ânhame xalq šodi."

     Amir said: "So what was Hasanak's crime here? For if he would come through the desert route, he would have been responsible for the blood of so many people."

References

• MacKenzie, D. N. (1971), “wināh”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 91
• Ačaṙean, Hračʿeay (1979), “վնաս”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Dictionary of Armenian Root Words] (in Armenian), volume IV, 2nd edition, Yerevan: University Press, page 347
• Cheung, Johnny (2007), “*nas”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 282ff
• Nyberg, H. S. (1974), “vinās”, in A Manual of Pahlavi, Part II: Glossary, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, page 213a