جان

See also: خان‎

Arabic

Etymology 1

Derived from the active participle of جَنَى‎ (janā, “to gather, to harvest; to commit a crime”), form the root ج ن ي‎ (j-n-y).

Adjective

جَانٍ • (jānin) (informal جَانِي‎ (jānī), feminine جَانِيَة‎ (jāniya), masculine plural جُنَاة‎ (junāh) or جَانُونَ‎ (jānūna), feminine plural جَانِيَات‎ (jāniyāt))

guilty, delinquent, criminal, flagrant, vicious, evil

Declension

Declension of adjective جَانٍ (jānin)

Singular	Masculine		Feminine
	singular triptote in ـٍ (-in)		singular triptote in ـَة (-a)
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	جَانِي‎ jānī	الْجَانِي‎ al-jānī	جَانِيَة‎ jāniya	الْجَانِيَة‎ al-jāniya
Nominative	جَانٍ jānin	الْجَانِي‎ al-jānī	جَانِيَةٌ‎ jāniyatun	الْجَانِيَةُ‎ al-jāniyatu
Accusative	جَانِيًا‎ jāniyan	الْجَانِيَ‎ al-jāniya	جَانِيَةً‎ jāniyatan	الْجَانِيَةَ‎ al-jāniyata
Genitive	جَانٍ jānin	الْجَانِي‎ al-jānī	جَانِيَةٍ‎ jāniyatin	الْجَانِيَةِ‎ al-jāniyati
Dual	Masculine		Feminine
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	جَانِيَيْن‎ jāniyayn	الْجَانِيَيْن‎ al-jāniyayn	جَانِيَتَيْن‎ jāniyatayn	الْجَانِيَتَيْن‎ al-jāniyatayn
Nominative	جَانِيَانِ‎ jāniyāni	الْجَانِيَانِ‎ al-jāniyāni	جَانِيَتَانِ‎ jāniyatāni	الْجَانِيَتَانِ‎ al-jāniyatāni
Accusative	جَانِيَيْنِ‎ jāniyayni	الْجَانِيَيْنِ‎ al-jāniyayni	جَانِيَتَيْنِ‎ jāniyatayni	الْجَانِيَتَيْنِ‎ al-jāniyatayni
Genitive	جَانِيَيْنِ‎ jāniyayni	الْجَانِيَيْنِ‎ al-jāniyayni	جَانِيَتَيْنِ‎ jāniyatayni	الْجَانِيَتَيْنِ‎ al-jāniyatayni
Plural	Masculine		Feminine
	broken plural triptote in ـَاة (-āh)‎; sound masculine plural		sound feminine plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	جُنَاة‎‎; جَانِين‎ junāt‎; jānīn	الْجُنَاة‎‎; الْجَانِين‎ al-junāt‎; al-jānīn	جَانِيَات‎ jāniyāt	الْجَانِيَات‎ al-jāniyāt
Nominative	جُنَاةٌ‎‎; جَانُونَ‎ junātun‎; jānūna	الْجُنَاةُ‎‎; الْجَانُونَ‎ al-junātu‎; al-jānūna	جَانِيَاتٌ‎ jāniyātun	الْجَانِيَاتُ‎ al-jāniyātu
Accusative	جُنَاةً‎‎; جَانِينَ‎ junātan‎; jānīna	الْجُنَاةَ‎‎; الْجَانِينَ‎ al-junāta‎; al-jānīna	جَانِيَاتٍ‎ jāniyātin	الْجَانِيَاتِ‎ al-jāniyāti
Genitive	جُنَاةٍ‎‎; جَانِينَ‎ junātin‎; jānīna	الْجُنَاةِ‎‎; الْجَانِينَ‎ al-junāti‎; al-jānīna	جَانِيَاتٍ‎ jāniyātin	الْجَانِيَاتِ‎ al-jāniyāti

Noun

جَانٍ • (jānin) m (construct state جَانِي‎ (jānī), plural جُنَاة‎ (junāh), feminine جَانِيَة‎ (jāniya))

gatherer, harvester, harvestman, reaper
perpetrator, offender, delinquent, criminal, culprit, felon, evildoer

Declension

Declension of noun جَانٍ (jānin)

Singular	Masculine			Feminine
	singular triptote in ـٍ (-in)			singular triptote in ـَة (-a)
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	جَانِي‎ jānī	الْجَانِي‎ al-jānī	جَانِي‎ jānī	جَانِيَة‎ jāniya	الْجَانِيَة‎ al-jāniya	جَانِيَة‎ jāniyat
Nominative	جَانٍ jānin	الْجَانِي‎ al-jānī	جَانِي‎ jānī	جَانِيَةٌ‎ jāniyatun	الْجَانِيَةُ‎ al-jāniyatu	جَانِيَةُ‎ jāniyatu
Accusative	جَانِيًا‎ jāniyan	الْجَانِيَ‎ al-jāniya	جَانِيَ‎ jāniya	جَانِيَةً‎ jāniyatan	الْجَانِيَةَ‎ al-jāniyata	جَانِيَةَ‎ jāniyata
Genitive	جَانٍ jānin	الْجَانِي‎ al-jānī	جَانِي‎ jānī	جَانِيَةٍ‎ jāniyatin	الْجَانِيَةِ‎ al-jāniyati	جَانِيَةِ‎ jāniyati
Dual	Masculine			Feminine
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	جَانِيَيْن‎ jāniyayn	الْجَانِيَيْن‎ al-jāniyayn	جَانِيَيْ‎ jāniyay	جَانِيَتَيْن‎ jāniyatayn	الْجَانِيَتَيْن‎ al-jāniyatayn	جَانِيَتَيْ‎ jāniyatay
Nominative	جَانِيَانِ‎ jāniyāni	الْجَانِيَانِ‎ al-jāniyāni	جَانِيَا‎ jāniyā	جَانِيَتَانِ‎ jāniyatāni	الْجَانِيَتَانِ‎ al-jāniyatāni	جَانِيَتَا‎ jāniyatā
Accusative	جَانِيَيْنِ‎ jāniyayni	الْجَانِيَيْنِ‎ al-jāniyayni	جَانِيَيْ‎ jāniyay	جَانِيَتَيْنِ‎ jāniyatayni	الْجَانِيَتَيْنِ‎ al-jāniyatayni	جَانِيَتَيْ‎ jāniyatay
Genitive	جَانِيَيْنِ‎ jāniyayni	الْجَانِيَيْنِ‎ al-jāniyayni	جَانِيَيْ‎ jāniyay	جَانِيَتَيْنِ‎ jāniyatayni	الْجَانِيَتَيْنِ‎ al-jāniyatayni	جَانِيَتَيْ‎ jāniyatay
Plural	Masculine			Feminine
	broken plural triptote in ـَاة (-āh)‎; sound masculine plural			sound feminine plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	جُنَاة‎‎; جَانِين‎ junāt‎; jānīn	الْجُنَاة‎‎; الْجَانِين‎ al-junāt‎; al-jānīn	جُنَاة‎‎; جَانِي‎ junāt‎; jānī	جَانِيَات‎ jāniyāt	الْجَانِيَات‎ al-jāniyāt	جَانِيَات‎ jāniyāt
Nominative	جُنَاةٌ‎‎; جَانُونَ‎ junātun‎; jānūna	الْجُنَاةُ‎‎; الْجَانُونَ‎ al-junātu‎; al-jānūna	جُنَاةُ‎‎; جَانُو‎ junātu‎; jānū	جَانِيَاتٌ‎ jāniyātun	الْجَانِيَاتُ‎ al-jāniyātu	جَانِيَاتُ‎ jāniyātu
Accusative	جُنَاةً‎‎; جَانِينَ‎ junātan‎; jānīna	الْجُنَاةَ‎‎; الْجَانِينَ‎ al-junāta‎; al-jānīna	جُنَاةَ‎‎; جَانِي‎ junāta‎; jānī	جَانِيَاتٍ‎ jāniyātin	الْجَانِيَاتِ‎ al-jāniyāti	جَانِيَاتِ‎ jāniyāti
Genitive	جُنَاةٍ‎‎; جَانِينَ‎ junātin‎; jānīna	الْجُنَاةِ‎‎; الْجَانِينَ‎ al-junāti‎; al-jānīna	جُنَاةِ‎‎; جَانِي‎ junāti‎; jānī	جَانِيَاتٍ‎ jāniyātin	الْجَانِيَاتِ‎ al-jāniyāti	جَانِيَاتِ‎ jāniyāti

Etymology 2

Has the form of an derived from the active participle, as if from جَنَّ‎ (janna, “to hide”) (in the passive جُنَّ‎ (junna, “to go crazy”)), from the root ج ن ن‎ (j-n-n).

Noun

جَانّ • (jānn) m (plural جِنَّان‎ (jinnān) or جَوَانّ‎ (jawānn))

jinn, demon, demons, fairy

Declension

Declension of noun جَانّ (jānn)

Singular	basic singular triptote
Singular	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	جَانّ jānn	الْجَانّ‎ al-jānn	جَانّ jānn
Nominative	جَانٌّ jānnun	الْجَانُّ‎ al-jānnu	جَانُّ jānnu
Accusative	جَانًّا‎ jānnan	الْجَانَّ‎ al-jānna	جَانَّ jānna
Genitive	جَانٍّ jānnin	الْجَانِّ‎ al-jānni	جَانِّ jānni
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	جَانَّيْن‎ jānnayn	الْجَانَّيْن‎ al-jānnayn	جَانَّيْ‎ jānnay
Nominative	جَانَّانِ‎ jānnāni	الْجَانَّانِ‎ al-jānnāni	جَانَّا‎ jānnā
Accusative	جَانَّيْنِ‎ jānnayni	الْجَانَّيْنِ‎ al-jānnayni	جَانَّيْ‎ jānnay
Genitive	جَانَّيْنِ‎ jānnayni	الْجَانَّيْنِ‎ al-jānnayni	جَانَّيْ‎ jānnay
Plural	basic broken plural triptote‎; basic broken plural diptote
Plural	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	جِنَّان‎‎; جَوَانّ‎ jinnān‎; jawānn	الْجِنَّان‎‎; الْجَوَانّ‎ al-jinnān‎; al-jawānn	جِنَّان‎‎; جَوَانّ‎ jinnān‎; jawānn
Nominative	جِنَّانٌ‎‎; جَوَانُّ‎ jinnānun‎; jawānnu	الْجِنَّانُ‎‎; الْجَوَانُّ‎ al-jinnānu‎; al-jawānnu	جِنَّانُ‎‎; جَوَانُّ‎ jinnānu‎; jawānnu
Accusative	جِنَّانًا‎‎; جَوَانَّ‎ jinnānan‎; jawānna	الْجِنَّانَ‎‎; الْجَوَانَّ‎ al-jinnāna‎; al-jawānna	جِنَّانَ‎‎; جَوَانَّ‎ jinnāna‎; jawānna
Genitive	جِنَّانٍ‎‎; جَوَانَّ‎ jinnānin‎; jawānna	الْجِنَّانِ‎‎; الْجَوَانِّ‎ al-jinnāni‎; al-jawānni	جِنَّانِ‎‎; جَوَانِّ‎ jinnāni‎; jawānni

Related terms

جِنّ‎ (jinn, “jinn”)
نَسْنَاس‎ (nasnās, “jann”)
غُول‎ (ḡūl, “ghoul”)

Azerbaijani

Other scripts
Cyrillic	ҹан
Roman	can
Perso-Arabic	جان

Etymology

From Persian (jân).

Noun

جان (can) (definite accusative جانێ‎ (canı), plural جانلار‎ (canlar))

Declension

Declension of جان

	singular	plural
nominative	جان	جانلار
definite accusative	جانێ	جانلارێ
dative	جانا	جانلارا
locative	جاندا	جانلاردا
ablative	جاندان	جانلاردان
definite genitive	جانێن	جانلارێن

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

Borrowed from Persian (jân, “soul, vital spirit, life”).

Noun

جان • (can)

Suffix

جان • (can)

Suffix expressing intimacy, roughly equivalent to dear or darling, attached to a name or title

Persian

Etymology 1

From Middle Persian HYA, yʾn' (gyān, “soul, ghost”), from Proto-Iranian *wi- + *HanH- (“to breathe”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂enh₁- (“to breathe”), whence, for example, Latin animus.

Cognate with Manichaean Middle Persian gyʾn (gyān), Northern Kurdish giyan, Central Kurdish گیان‎ (gyan), Southern Kurdish گیان‎ (gyan), Avestan 𐬬𐬌𐬌𐬁𐬥𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬁‎ (viiānaiiā), Sanskrit व्यान (vyāna).

Alternative forms

جون‎ (jun)

Pronunciation

(Iranian Persian) IPA^(key): [d͡ʒɒn]
(Tehrani) IPA^(key): [d͡ʒun]

Noun

جان • (jân) (plural جان‌ها‎ (jân-hâ))

Dari Persian	جان‎
Iranian Persian	جان‎
Tajiki Persian	ҷон (jon)

soul

‏‎ ― jân-e xod râ az dast dâdan ― to lose one's life, to pass away
being
life

Suffix

جان • (jân)

Suffix expressing intimacy, roughly equivalent to dear or darling, attached to a name or title.

Interjection

جان • (jân!)

exclamation of joy, pleasure

Derived terms

آخ جان!‎ (âx jân), آخ جون!‎ (âx jun)

Descendants

Tajik: ҷон (jon)
- → Uzbek: jon
→ Azeri: can / جان‎ / ҹан
→ Bashkir: йән (yän)
→ Georgian: ჯანი (ǯani)
→ Hindustani:
- Hindi: जान (jān)
- Urdu: جان‎ (jān)
→ Uyghur: جان (jan)
→ Uzbek: jon
→ Kazakh: жан (jan)
→ Kyrgyz: жан (can)
→ Middle Armenian: ջան (ǰan)
- Armenian: ջան (ǰan)
  - → Russian: джан (džan)
→ Ottoman Turkish: جان‎
- Turkish: can
- → Albanian: xhan
- → Macedonian: џан (džan)
- → Serbo-Croatian: džan / џан
→ Tatar: җан (can)
→ Turkmen: jan

References

Cheung, Johnny (2007) Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 161

Etymology 2

Borrowed from English John.

Proper noun

جان • (jân)

A male given name, John.

‏‎ ― jân jeri ― John Kerry

Sindhi

Etymology

Borrowed from Persian (jân).

Noun

جان (jān)

life; soul

Uyghur

Etymology

Borrowed from Persian (jân, “soul, vital spirit, life”).

Noun

جان • (jan)

soul
spirit
life

‏جېنىم‎ ― jénim ― my dear
person

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