бꙑти

Old Church Slavonic

From Proto-Slavic *byti, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *būˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰuh₂- (see Proto-Indo-European *bʰew-). Baltic cognates include Lithuanian būti and Latvian būt. Other Indo-European cognates include Latin fuī (“I was”), Ancient Greek φύω (phúō), Sanskrit भवति (bhávati, “to become”), and Persian (budan, “to be”).

Suppletive present forms are also inherited; ѥсмь (jesmĭ), from Proto-Slavic *jesmь, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁es-. Cognates include Old English wesan (eom, eart, is), Old Norse em, est, es, Gothic 𐌹𐌼 (im), 𐌹𐍃 (is), 𐌹𐍃𐍄 (ist), Avestan 𐬀𐬨𐬌‎ (ami) (Persian (budan) and (ast)), Ancient Greek εἰμί (eimí), εἶ (eî), ἐστί (estí), Latin esse (sum, es, est, sumus, estis, sunt), (from which French être, Italian essere, Spanish ser), Estonian esu, Albanian jam.

бꙑти • (byti)

	present	imperfective	aorist	future	imperative	perfective aorist
1st person sg	есмь	—	бѣхъ	бѫдѫ	—	бꙑхъ
2nd person sg	еси	—	бѣ	бѫдеши	бѫди	бꙑстъ (бꙑ)
3rd person sg	естъ	бѣаше	бѣ	бѫдетъ	бѫди	бꙑстъ (бꙑ)
1st person dual	есвѣ	—	бѣховѣ	бѫдевѣ	бѫдѣвѣ	бꙑховѣ
2nd person dual	еста	—	бѣста	бѫдета	бѫдѣта	бꙑста
3rd person dual	есте	бѣашете	бѣсте	бѫдете	бѫдѣте	бꙑсте
1st person pl	есмъ	—	бѣхомъ	бѫдемъ	бѫдѣмъ	бꙑхомъ
2nd person pl	есте	—	бѣсте	бѫдете	бѫдѣте	бꙑсте
3rd person pl	сѫтъ	бѣахѫ	бѣшѧ	бѫдѫтъ	бѫдѫ	бꙑшѧ

participles

не бꙑти (negative conjugation)

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