πόνος
Ancient Greek
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /pó.nos/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈpo.nos/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈpo.nos/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈpo.nos/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈpo.nos/
Noun
πόνος • (pónos) m (genitive πόνου); second declension
- work, especially hard work; toil
- bodily exertion, exercise
- work, task, business
- the consequence of toil, distress, trouble, suffering
- anything produced by work, a work
Declension
| Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | ὁ πόνος ho pónos |
τὼ πόνω tṑ pónō |
οἱ πόνοι hoi pónoi | ||||||||||
| Genitive | τοῦ πόνου toû pónou |
τοῖν πόνοιν toîn pónoin |
τῶν πόνων tôn pónōn | ||||||||||
| Dative | τῷ πόνῳ tôi pónōi |
τοῖν πόνοιν toîn pónoin |
τοῖς πόνοις toîs pónois | ||||||||||
| Accusative | τὸν πόνον tòn pónon |
τὼ πόνω tṑ pónō |
τοὺς πόνους toùs pónous | ||||||||||
| Vocative | πόνε póne |
πόνω pónō |
πόνοι pónoi | ||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension. | ||||||||||||
Further reading
- πόνος in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- πόνος in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- πόνος in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- πόνος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- πόνος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- πόνος in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- G4192 in Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible, 1979
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- affliction idem, page 17.
- disorder idem, page 235.
- distress idem, page 242.
- drudgery idem, page 254.
- effort idem, page 263.
- exertion idem, page 291.
- hardship idem, page 386.
- infirmity idem, page 438.
- labour idem, page 472.
- onus idem, page 574.
- product idem, page 645.
- strain idem, page 822.
- striving idem, page 827.
- struggle idem, page 828.
- suffering idem, page 835.
- task idem, page 856.
- toil idem, page 880.
- trial idem, page 893.
- trouble idem, page 897.
- tug idem, page 900.
- vigilance idem, page 951.
- work idem, page 988.
- wrench idem, page 992.
Greek
Etymology
From Ancient Greek πόνος (pónos).
Noun
πόνος • (pónos) m (plural πόνοι)
Declension
declension of πόνος
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | πόνος • | πόνοι • |
| genitive | πόνου • | πόνων • |
| accusative | πόνο • | πόνους • |
| vocative | πόνε • | πόνοι • |
Synonyms
- άλγος n (álgos)
Related terms
- πονάω (ponáo, “to ache”)
- πονοκέφαλος (ponokéfalos, “headache”)
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