| Conjugation of -zoa |
| Non-finite forms |
| Form |
Positive |
Negative |
| Infinitive |
kuzoa |
kutozoa |
| Simple finite forms |
| Positive form |
Singular |
Plural |
| Imperative |
zoa |
zoeni |
| Habitual |
huzoa |
| Complex finite forms |
| Polarity |
Persons |
Persons / Classes |
Classes |
| 1st |
2nd |
3rd / M-wa |
M-mi |
Ma |
Ki-vi |
N |
U |
Ku |
Pa |
Mu |
| Sg. |
Pl. |
Sg. |
Pl. |
Sg. / 1 |
Pl. / 2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
9 |
10 |
11 / 14 |
15 / 17 |
16 |
18 |
| Past |
| Positive |
nilizoa nalizoa |
tulizoa twalizoa |
ulizoa walizoa |
mlizoa mwalizoa |
alizoa |
walizoa |
ulizoa |
ilizoa |
lilizoa |
yalizoa |
kilizoa |
vilizoa |
ilizoa |
zilizoa |
ulizoa |
kulizoa |
palizoa |
mulizoa |
| Relative |
niliozoa naliozoa |
tuliozoa twaliozoa |
uliozoa waliozoa |
mliozoa mwaliozoa |
aliozoa |
waliozoa |
uliozoa |
iliozoa |
liliozoa |
yaliozoa |
kiliozoa |
viliozoa |
iliozoa |
ziliozoa |
uliozoa |
kuliozoa |
paliozoa |
muliozoa |
| Negative |
sikuzoa |
hatukuzoa |
hukuzoa |
hamkuzoa |
hakuzoa |
hawakuzoa |
haukuzoa |
haikuzoa |
halikuzoa |
hayakuzoa |
hakikuzoa |
havikuzoa |
haikuzoa |
hazikuzoa |
haukuzoa |
hakukuzoa |
hapakuzoa |
hamukuzoa |
|
| Present |
| Positive |
ninazoa nazoa |
tunazoa |
unazoa |
mnazoa |
anazoa |
wanazoa |
unazoa |
inazoa |
linazoa |
yanazoa |
kinazoa |
vinazoa |
inazoa |
zinazoa |
unazoa |
kunazoa |
panazoa |
munazoa |
| Relative |
ninaozoa naozoa |
tunaozoa |
unaozoa |
mnaozoa |
anaozoa |
wanaozoa |
unaozoa |
inaozoa |
linaozoa |
yanaozoa |
kinaozoa |
vinaozoa |
inaozoa |
zinaozoa |
unaozoa |
kunaozoa |
panaozoa |
munaozoa |
| Negative |
sizoi |
hatuzoi |
huzoi |
hamzoi |
hazoi |
hawazoi |
hauzoi |
haizoi |
halizoi |
hayazoi |
hakizoi |
havizoi |
haizoi |
hazizoi |
hauzoi |
hakuzoi |
hapazoi |
hamuzoi |
|
| Future |
| Positive |
nitazoa |
tutazoa |
utazoa |
mtazoa |
atazoa |
watazoa |
utazoa |
itazoa |
litazoa |
yatazoa |
kitazoa |
vitazoa |
itazoa |
zitazoa |
utazoa |
kutazoa |
patazoa |
mutazoa |
| Relative |
nitakaozoa |
tutakaozoa |
utakaozoa |
mtakaozoa |
atakaozoa |
watakaozoa |
utakaozoa |
itakaozoa |
litakaozoa |
yatakaozoa |
kitakaozoa |
vitakaozoa |
itakaozoa |
zitakaozoa |
utakaozoa |
kutakaozoa |
patakaozoa |
mutakaozoa |
| Negative |
sitazoa |
hatutazoa |
hutazoa |
hamtazoa |
hatazoa |
hawatazoa |
hautazoa |
haitazoa |
halitazoa |
hayatazoa |
hakitazoa |
havitazoa |
haitazoa |
hazitazoa |
hautazoa |
hakutazoa |
hapatazoa |
hamutazoa |
|
| Subjunctive |
| Positive |
nizoe |
tuzoe |
uzoe |
mzoe |
azoe |
wazoe |
uzoe |
izoe |
lizoe |
yazoe |
kizoe |
vizoe |
izoe |
zizoe |
uzoe |
kuzoe |
pazoe |
muzoe |
| Negative |
nisizoe |
tusizoe |
usizoe |
msizoe |
asizoe |
wasizoe |
usizoe |
isizoe |
lisizoe |
yasizoe |
kisizoe |
visizoe |
isizoe |
zisizoe |
usizoe |
kusizoe |
pasizoe |
musizoe |
|
| Present Conditional |
| Positive |
ningezoa |
tungezoa |
ungezoa |
mngezoa |
angezoa |
wangezoa |
ungezoa |
ingezoa |
lingezoa |
yangezoa |
kingezoa |
vingezoa |
ingezoa |
zingezoa |
ungezoa |
kungezoa |
pangezoa |
mungezoa |
| Negative |
nisingezoa singezoa |
tusingezoa hatungezoa |
usingezoa hungezoa |
msingezoa hamngezoa |
asingezoa hangezoa |
wasingezoa hawangezoa |
usingezoa haungezoa |
isingezoa haingezoa |
lisingezoa halingezoa |
yasingezoa hayangezoa |
kisingezoa hakingezoa |
visingezoa havingezoa |
isingezoa haingezoa |
zisingezoa hazingezoa |
usingezoa haungezoa |
kusingezoa hakungezoa |
pasingezoa hapangezoa |
musingezoa hamungezoa |
|
| Past Conditional |
| Positive |
ningalizoa |
tungalizoa |
ungalizoa |
mngalizoa |
angalizoa |
wangalizoa |
ungalizoa |
ingalizoa |
lingalizoa |
yangalizoa |
kingalizoa |
vingalizoa |
ingalizoa |
zingalizoa |
ungalizoa |
kungalizoa |
pangalizoa |
mungalizoa |
| Negative |
nisingalizoa singalizoa |
tusingalizoa hatungalizoa |
usingalizoa hungalizoa |
msingalizoa hamngalizoa |
asingalizoa hangalizoa |
wasingalizoa hawangalizoa |
usingalizoa haungalizoa |
isingalizoa haingalizoa |
lisingalizoa halingalizoa |
yasingalizoa hayangalizoa |
kisingalizoa hakingalizoa |
visingalizoa havingalizoa |
isingalizoa haingalizoa |
zisingalizoa hazingalizoa |
usingalizoa haungalizoa |
kusingalizoa hakungalizoa |
pasingalizoa hapangalizoa |
musingalizoa hamungalizoa |
|
| Conditional Contrary to Fact |
| Positive |
ningelizoa |
tungelizoa |
ungelizoa |
mngelizoa |
angelizoa |
wangelizoa |
ungelizoa |
ingelizoa |
lingelizoa |
yangelizoa |
kingelizoa |
vingelizoa |
ingelizoa |
zingelizoa |
ungelizoa |
kungelizoa |
pangelizoa |
mungelizoa |
|
| General Relative |
| Positive |
nizoao |
tuzoao |
uzoao |
mzoao |
azoao |
wazoao |
uzoao |
izoao |
lizoao |
yazoao |
kizoao |
vizoao |
izoao |
zizoao |
uzoao |
kuzoao |
pazoao |
muzoao |
| Negative |
nisiozoa |
tusiozoa |
usiozoa |
msiozoa |
asiozoa |
wasiozoa |
usiozoa |
isiozoa |
lisiozoa |
yasiozoa |
kisiozoa |
visiozoa |
isiozoa |
zisiozoa |
usiozoa |
kusiozoa |
pasiozoa |
musiozoa |
|
| Gnomic |
| Positive |
nazoa |
twazoa |
wazoa |
mwazoa |
azoa |
wazoa |
wazoa |
yazoa |
lazoa |
yazoa |
chazoa |
vyazoa |
yazoa |
zazoa |
wazoa |
kwazoa |
pazoa |
mwazoa |
|
| Perfect |
| Positive |
nimezoa |
tumezoa |
umezoa |
mmezoa |
amezoa |
wamezoa |
umezoa |
imezoa |
limezoa |
yamezoa |
kimezoa |
vimezoa |
imezoa |
zimezoa |
umezoa |
kumezoa |
pamezoa |
mumezoa |
|
| "Already" |
| Positive |
nimeshazoa |
tumeshazoa |
umeshazoa |
mmeshazoa |
ameshazoa |
wameshazoa |
umeshazoa |
imeshazoa |
limeshazoa |
yameshazoa |
kimeshazoa |
vimeshazoa |
imeshazoa |
zimeshazoa |
umeshazoa |
kumeshazoa |
pameshazoa |
mumeshazoa |
|
| "Not yet" |
| Negative |
sijazoa |
hatujazoa |
hujazoa |
hamjazoa |
hajazoa |
hawajazoa |
haujazoa |
haijazoa |
halijazoa |
hayajazoa |
hakijazoa |
havijazoa |
haijazoa |
hazijazoa |
haujazoa |
hakujazoa |
hapajazoa |
hamujazoa |
|
| "If/When" |
| Positive |
nikizoa |
tukizoa |
ukizoa |
mkizoa |
akizoa |
wakizoa |
ukizoa |
ikizoa |
likizoa |
yakizoa |
kikizoa |
vikizoa |
ikizoa |
zikizoa |
ukizoa |
kukizoa |
pakizoa |
mukizoa |
|
| "If not" |
| Negative |
nisipozoa |
tusipozoa |
usipozoa |
msipozoa |
asipozoa |
wasipozoa |
usipozoa |
isipozoa |
lisipozoa |
yasipozoa |
kisipozoa |
visipozoa |
isipozoa |
zisipozoa |
usipozoa |
kusipozoa |
pasipozoa |
musipozoa |
|
| Consecutive |
| Positive |
nikazoa |
tukazoa |
ukazoa |
mkazoa |
akazoa |
wakazoa |
ukazoa |
ikazoa |
likazoa |
yakazoa |
kikazoa |
vikazoa |
ikazoa |
zikazoa |
ukazoa |
kukazoa |
pakazoa |
mukazoa |
|
| Not all possible forms are listed in the table. Transitive verbs can take object concords, relative concords can agree with all noun classes, and many other forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information. |