vaincre
French
Etymology
From Old French veintre, later veincre, vencre, inherited from Latin vincere, present active infinitive of vincō, from Proto-Italic *winkō, from Proto-Indo-European *wi-n-k-, nasal infix from *weyk- (“to overcome”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /vɛ̃kʁ/
-
audio (file)
Verb
vaincre
- (transitive) to defeat, vanquish
- 1965 November, Carlo François, "Poésie d'André Marissel", in The French Review, American Association of Teachers of French, Volume 39, Number 2, pages 265–274,
- Le jardinier-poète sait parfois qu’il est fécond et que son Arbre est fertile. Ne vainc-t-il pas la mort chaque fois qu’il plante un arbre-poème?
- The gardener-poet knows sometimes that he is fecund and that his Tree is fertile. Does he not defeat death every time he plants a tree-poem?
- Le jardinier-poète sait parfois qu’il est fécond et que son Arbre est fertile. Ne vainc-t-il pas la mort chaque fois qu’il plante un arbre-poème?
- 1965 November, Carlo François, "Poésie d'André Marissel", in The French Review, American Association of Teachers of French, Volume 39, Number 2, pages 265–274,
- (intransitive) to win
Conjugation
This verb is conjugated like vendre, except that its usual stem vainqu- becomes vainc- when either there is no ending, or the ending starts with -u- or a written consonant. Additionally, when inverted the third person singular in the present adds the infix -t-: vainc-t-il? These are strictly spelling changes; pronunciation-wise, the verb is conjugated exactly like vendre.
Conjugation of vaincre (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | vaincre | avoir vaincu | |||||
| gerund | en vainquant | en ayant vaincu | |||||
| present participle | vainquant /vɛ̃.kɑ̃/ | ||||||
| past participle | vaincu /vɛ̃.ky/ | ||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il | nous | vous | ils | |
| simple tenses |
present | vaincs /vɛ̃/ |
vaincs /vɛ̃/ |
vainc /vɛ̃/ |
vainquons /vɛ̃.kɔ̃/ |
vainquez /vɛ̃.ke/ |
vainquent /vɛ̃k/ |
| imperfect | vainquais /vɛ̃.kɛ/ |
vainquais /vɛ̃.kɛ/ |
vainquait /vɛ̃.kɛ/ |
vainquions /vɛ̃.kjɔ̃/ |
vainquiez /vɛ̃.kje/ |
vainquaient /vɛ̃.kɛ/ | |
| past historic1 | vainquis /vɛ̃.ki/ |
vainquis /vɛ̃.ki/ |
vainquit /vɛ̃.ki/ |
vainquîmes /vɛ̃.kim/ |
vainquîtes /vɛ̃.kit/ |
vainquirent /vɛ̃.kiʁ/ | |
| future | vaincrai /vɛ̃.kʁe/ |
vaincras /vɛ̃.kʁa/ |
vaincra /vɛ̃.kʁa/ |
vaincrons /vɛ̃.kʁɔ̃/ |
vaincrez /vɛ̃.kʁe/ |
vaincront /vɛ̃.kʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | vaincrais /vɛ̃.kʁɛ/ |
vaincrais /vɛ̃.kʁɛ/ |
vaincrait /vɛ̃.kʁɛ/ |
vaincrions /vɛ̃.kʁi.jɔ̃/ |
vaincriez /vɛ̃.kʁi.je/ |
vaincraient /vɛ̃.kʁɛ/ | |
| compound tenses |
present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| past anterior1 | Use the past historic tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il | que nous | que vous | qu’ils | |
| simple tenses |
present | vainque /vɛ̃k/ |
vainques /vɛ̃k/ |
vainque /vɛ̃k/ |
vainquions /vɛ̃.kjɔ̃/ |
vainquiez /vɛ̃.kje/ |
vainquent /vɛ̃k/ |
| imperfect1 | vainquisse /vɛ̃.kis/ |
vainquisses /vɛ̃.kis/ |
vainquît /vɛ̃.ki/ |
vainquissions /vɛ̃.ki.sjɔ̃/ |
vainquissiez /vɛ̃.ki.sje/ |
vainquissent /vɛ̃.kis/ | |
| compound tenses |
past | Use the present subjunctive tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect1 | Use the imperfect subjunctive tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nous | vous | – | |
| — | vaincs /vɛ̃/ |
— | vainquons /vɛ̃.kɔ̃/ |
vainquez /vɛ̃.ke/ |
— | ||
| 1literary tenses | |||||||
Synonyms
Derived terms
Related terms
External links
- “vaincre” in le Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
This article is issued from
Wiktionary.
The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike.
Additional terms may apply for the media files.