tomber
French
Etymology
From Middle French tomber, from Old French tumber, from Frankish *tūmōn (“to rotate, reel, sway”), from Proto-Germanic *tūmōną (“to turn, rotate”), of uncertain origin. Cognate with Old High German tūmōn (“to rotate, turn round”), Old Norse tumba (“to fall, tumble”), Old English tumbian (“to dance about, leap, tumble”). More at tumb.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /tɔ̃.be/
-
audio (file) - Rhymes: -e
Verb
tomber
- to fall
Conjugation
Use the auxiliary être intranslatively, auxiliary avoir transitively.
Conjugation of tomber (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | tomber | être tombé | |||||
| gerund | en tombant | en étant tombé | |||||
| present participle | tombant /tɔ̃.bɑ̃/ | ||||||
| past participle | tombé /tɔ̃.be/ | ||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il | nous | vous | ils | |
| simple tenses |
present | tombe /tɔ̃b/ |
tombes /tɔ̃b/ |
tombe /tɔ̃b/ |
tombons /tɔ̃.bɔ̃/ |
tombez /tɔ̃.be/ |
tombent /tɔ̃b/ |
| imperfect | tombais /tɔ̃.bɛ/ |
tombais /tɔ̃.bɛ/ |
tombait /tɔ̃.bɛ/ |
tombions /tɔ̃.bjɔ̃/ |
tombiez /tɔ̃.bje/ |
tombaient /tɔ̃.bɛ/ | |
| past historic1 | tombai /tɔ̃.be/ |
tombas /tɔ̃.ba/ |
tomba /tɔ̃.ba/ |
tombâmes /tɔ̃.bam/ |
tombâtes /tɔ̃.bat/ |
tombèrent /tɔ̃.bɛʁ/ | |
| future | tomberai /tɔ̃.bʁe/ |
tomberas /tɔ̃.bʁa/ |
tombera /tɔ̃.bʁa/ |
tomberons /tɔ̃.bʁɔ̃/ |
tomberez /tɔ̃.bʁe/ |
tomberont /tɔ̃.bʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | tomberais /tɔ̃.bʁɛ/ |
tomberais /tɔ̃.bʁɛ/ |
tomberait /tɔ̃.bʁɛ/ |
tomberions /tɔ̃.bə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
tomberiez /tɔ̃.bə.ʁje/ |
tomberaient /tɔ̃.bʁɛ/ | |
| compound tenses |
present perfect | Use the present tense of être followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of être followed by the past participle | ||||||
| past anterior1 | Use the past historic tense of être followed by the past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future tense of être followed by the past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of être followed by the past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il | que nous | que vous | qu’ils | |
| simple tenses |
present | tombe /tɔ̃b/ |
tombes /tɔ̃b/ |
tombe /tɔ̃b/ |
tombions /tɔ̃.bjɔ̃/ |
tombiez /tɔ̃.bje/ |
tombent /tɔ̃b/ |
| imperfect1 | tombasse /tɔ̃.bas/ |
tombasses /tɔ̃.bas/ |
tombât /tɔ̃.ba/ |
tombassions /tɔ̃.ba.sjɔ̃/ |
tombassiez /tɔ̃.ba.sje/ |
tombassent /tɔ̃.bas/ | |
| compound tenses |
past | Use the present subjunctive tense of être followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect1 | Use the imperfect subjunctive tense of être followed by the past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nous | vous | – | |
| — | tombe /tɔ̃b/ |
— | tombons /tɔ̃.bɔ̃/ |
tombez /tɔ̃.be/ |
— | ||
| 1literary tenses | |||||||
Derived terms
- tomber amoureux
- tomber malade
- tomber sur
- tomber sur le nez
References
Further reading
- “tomber” in le Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
Anagrams
Middle French
Alternative forms
Verb
tomber
- to fall
Conjugation
- Middle French conjugation varies from one text to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.
Conjugation of tomber
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | tomber | avoir tombé | |||||
| gerund | en tombant | Use the gerund of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| present participle | tombant | ||||||
| past participle | tombé | ||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | ie (may be i' before a vowel) | tu | il | nous | vous | ilz, elles | |
| simple tenses |
present | tombe | tombes | tombe | tombons | tombez | tombent |
| imperfect | tombois, tomboys | tombois, tomboys | tomboit, tomboyt | tombions, tombyons | tombiez, tombyez | tomboient, tomboyent | |
| past historic | tomba | tombas | tomba | tombasmes | tombastes | tomberent | |
| future | tomberai, tomberay | tomberas | tombera | tomberons | tomberez | tomberont | |
| conditional | tomberois, tomberoys | tomberois, tomberoys | tomberoit, tomberoyt | tomberions, tomberyons | tomberiez, tomberyez | tomberoient, tomberoyent | |
| compound tenses |
present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | Use the past historic tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que ie | que tu | qu'il | que nous | que vous | qu'ilz, qu'elles | |
| simple tenses |
present | tombe | tombes | tombe | tombons | tombez | tombent |
| imperfect | tombasse | tombasses | tombast | tombassions | tombassiez | tombassent | |
| compound tenses |
past | Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nous | vous | – | |
| — | tombe | — | tombons | tombez | — | ||
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