strive

English

Etymology

From Middle English striven (“to strive”) from Old French estriver (“to compete, quarrel”) from Old French estrif (“quarrel, dispute”), alteration (influenced by Germanic forms related to Frankish *strīban (“to strive”), from Proto-Germanic *strībaną, *stribjaną, *stribōną, compare Middle Dutch streven (“to strive”), German streben (“to strive”)) of Old French estrit, from Frankish *strīd (“quarrel, dispute”) from Proto-Germanic *strīdō (“combat, strife”). Akin to Old High German strīt (“quarrel”) (German Streit), Old High German strītan (“to fight”), Old Norse stríð (“strife, contention”). More at stride.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈstɹaɪv/
Audio (US) (file)
Rhymes: -aɪv

Verb

strive (third-person singular simple present strives, present participle striving, simple past strove or strived, past participle striven or strived)

To try to achieve a result; to make strenuous effort; to try earnestly and persistently.
He strove to excel.

to strive for the truth
To struggle in opposition; to be in contention or dispute; to contend; to contest.
to strive against fate
- Denham
  Now private pity strove with public hate, / Reason with rage, and eloquence with fate.
To vie; to compete as a rival.
- Milton
  [Not] that sweet grove / Of Daphne, by Orontes and the inspired / Castalian spring, might with this paradise / Of Eden strive.

Usage notes

This is a catenative verb that takes the to infinitive. See Appendix:English catenative verbs
The strong or irregular forms "strove" and "striven" are more commonly used in print than "strived".

Conjugation

conjugation of strive

infinitive			strive
present participle			striving
past participle			striven
	simple		progressive		perfect		perfect progressive
present	I strive	we strive	I am striving	we are striving	I have striven	we have striven	I have been striving	we have been striving
	you strive	you strive	you are striving	you are striving	you have striven	you have striven	you have been striving	you have been striving
	he strives	they strive	he is striving	they are striving	he has striven	they have striven	he has been striving	they have been striving

past	I strove	we strove	I was striving	we were striving	I had striven	we had striven	I had been striving	we had been striving
	you strove	you strove	you were striving	you were striving	you had striven	you had striven	you had been striving	you had been striving
	he strove	they strove	he was striving	they were striving	he had striven	they had striven	he had been striving	they had been striving

future	I will strive	we will strive	I will be striving	we will be striving	I will have striven	we will have striven	I will have been striving	we will have been striving
	you will strive	you will strive	you will be striving	you will be striving	you will have striven	you will have striven	you will have been striving	you will have been striving
	he will strive	they will strive	he will be striving	they will be striving	he will have striven	they will have striven	he will have been striving	they will have been striving

conditional	I would strive	we would strive	I would be striving	we would be striving	I would have striven	we would have striven	I would have been striving	we would have been striving
	you would strive	you would strive	you would be striving	you would be striving	you would have striven	you would have striven	you would have been striving	you would have been striving
	he would strive	they would strive	he would be striving	they would be striving	he would have striven	they would have striven	he would have been striving	they would have been striving

imperative	strive

Related terms

strife

Translations

to try to achieve

American Sign Language: S@NearInsideChesthigh-PalmAcross-S@NearInsideChesthigh-PalmAcross S@InsideChesthigh-PalmDown-S@InsideChesthigh-PalmDown
Arabic: كَافَحَ‎‎ (ar) (kāfaḥa), اِجْتَهَدَ‎‎ (ijtahada), نَاضَلَ‎‎ (nāḍala), حَرَصَ‎‎ (ḥaraṣa), جَدَّ‎‎ (ar) (jadda), جَاهَدَ‎‎ (jāhada)
Chinese:
Mandarin: 努力 (zh) (nǔlì), 奮鬥 (zh), 奋斗 (zh) (fèndòu), 殫力 (zh), 殚力 (zh) (dānlì), 力圖 (zh), 力图 (zh) (lìtú), 掙 (zh), 挣 (zh) (zhèng)
Czech: usilovat, snažit se (cs) impf
Dutch: streven (nl)
Esperanto: strebi (eo)
Finnish: pyrkiä (fi), ponnistella (fi), yrittää (fi)
French: s'efforcer (fr)
Georgian: სწრაფვა (sc̣rapva), მცდელობა (mcdeloba), ცდა (cda), ბრძოლა (brʒola)
German: streben (de), sich bemühen, sich anstrengen, ringen um, sich einsetzen für
Indonesian: berjuang, memperjuangkan, bersusah payah
Irish: bí ag dréim
Old Irish: ad·cosnai (to strive after)
Italian: sforzarsi, cercare (it), ambire (it)

Japanese: 努力する (どりょくする, doryoku-suru), 闘う (ja) (たたかう, tatakau), 努める (ja) (つとめる, tsutomeru), 奮闘する (ふんとうする, funtō-suru)
Kurdish:
Sorani: تێکۆشان‎‎ (ku)
Maori: oke, nanaiore, ngaki (mi)
Norwegian: streve (no)
Occitan: s'esforçar, s'esperforçar, luchar (oc)
Polish: starać się (pl)
Portuguese: esforçar-se, batalhar (pt)
Russian: стреми́ться (ru) (stremítʹsja), стара́ться (ru) (starátʹsja), боро́ться (ru) (borótʹsja), прилага́ть уси́лия (ru) (prilagátʹ usílija)
Slovak: snažiť sa, usilovať sa
Slovene: stremeti, prizadevati si
Spanish: esforzarse (es)
Swedish: sträva (sv)
Telugu: కష్టించు (kaṣṭiñcu), కృషి చేయు (kr̥ṣi cēyu)
Vietnamese: cố gắng (vi)

to struggle in opposition

Arabic: ≈ against جَاهَدَ‎‎ (jāhada)
Czech: čelit (cs) impf
Finnish: taistella (fi), kamppailla (fi)
French: ≈ against combattre (fr)
German: ≈ against ringen (de) mit (de), sich (de) einsetzen (de) gegen (de)

Irish: bí ag coimhlint
Italian: lottare (it), battersi (it)
Ngazidja Comorian: ≈ against uwana na
Slovak: čeliť, bojovať

Noun

strive (plural strives)

(obsolete) An effort; a striving.
(Can we find and add a quotation of Chapman to this entry?)
(obsolete) strife; contention

Anagrams

Rivets, Stiver, rivest, rivets, stiver, tivers, verist

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