shinda

Swahili

Verb

-shinda (infinitive kushinda)

to win

Conjugation

Conjugation of -shinda

Non-finite forms

Form

Positive

Negative

Infinitive

kushinda

kutoshinda

Simple finite forms

Positive form

Singular

Plural

Imperative

shinda

shindeni

Habitual

hushinda

Complex finite forms

Polarity

Persons

Persons / Classes

Classes

1st

2nd

3rd / M-wa

M-mi

Ma

Ki-vi

N

U

Ku

Pa

Mu

Sg.

Pl.

Sg.

Pl.

Sg. / 1

Pl. / 2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11 / 14

15 / 17

16

18

Past
Positive	nilishinda nalishinda	tulishinda twalishinda	ulishinda walishinda	mlishinda mwalishinda	alishinda	walishinda	ulishinda	ilishinda	lilishinda	yalishinda	kilishinda	vilishinda	ilishinda	zilishinda	ulishinda	kulishinda	palishinda	mulishinda
Relative	nilioshinda nalioshinda	tulioshinda twalioshinda	ulioshinda walioshinda	mlioshinda mwalioshinda	alioshinda	walioshinda	ulioshinda	ilioshinda	lilioshinda	yalioshinda	kilioshinda	vilioshinda	ilioshinda	zilioshinda	ulioshinda	kulioshinda	palioshinda	mulioshinda
Negative	sikushinda	hatukushinda	hukushinda	hamkushinda	hakushinda	hawakushinda	haukushinda	haikushinda	halikushinda	hayakushinda	hakikushinda	havikushinda	haikushinda	hazikushinda	haukushinda	hakukushinda	hapakushinda	hamukushinda

Present
Positive	ninashinda nashinda	tunashinda	unashinda	mnashinda	anashinda	wanashinda	unashinda	inashinda	linashinda	yanashinda	kinashinda	vinashinda	inashinda	zinashinda	unashinda	kunashinda	panashinda	munashinda
Relative	ninaoshinda naoshinda	tunaoshinda	unaoshinda	mnaoshinda	anaoshinda	wanaoshinda	unaoshinda	inaoshinda	linaoshinda	yanaoshinda	kinaoshinda	vinaoshinda	inaoshinda	zinaoshinda	unaoshinda	kunaoshinda	panaoshinda	munaoshinda
Negative	sishindi	hatushindi	hushindi	hamshindi	hashindi	hawashindi	haushindi	haishindi	halishindi	hayashindi	hakishindi	havishindi	haishindi	hazishindi	haushindi	hakushindi	hapashindi	hamushindi

Future
Positive	nitashinda	tutashinda	utashinda	mtashinda	atashinda	watashinda	utashinda	itashinda	litashinda	yatashinda	kitashinda	vitashinda	itashinda	zitashinda	utashinda	kutashinda	patashinda	mutashinda
Relative	nitakaoshinda	tutakaoshinda	utakaoshinda	mtakaoshinda	atakaoshinda	watakaoshinda	utakaoshinda	itakaoshinda	litakaoshinda	yatakaoshinda	kitakaoshinda	vitakaoshinda	itakaoshinda	zitakaoshinda	utakaoshinda	kutakaoshinda	patakaoshinda	mutakaoshinda
Negative	sitashinda	hatutashinda	hutashinda	hamtashinda	hatashinda	hawatashinda	hautashinda	haitashinda	halitashinda	hayatashinda	hakitashinda	havitashinda	haitashinda	hazitashinda	hautashinda	hakutashinda	hapatashinda	hamutashinda

Subjunctive
Positive	nishinde	tushinde	ushinde	mshinde	ashinde	washinde	ushinde	ishinde	lishinde	yashinde	kishinde	vishinde	ishinde	zishinde	ushinde	kushinde	pashinde	mushinde
Negative	nisishinde	tusishinde	usishinde	msishinde	asishinde	wasishinde	usishinde	isishinde	lisishinde	yasishinde	kisishinde	visishinde	isishinde	zisishinde	usishinde	kusishinde	pasishinde	musishinde

Present Conditional
Positive	ningeshinda	tungeshinda	ungeshinda	mngeshinda	angeshinda	wangeshinda	ungeshinda	ingeshinda	lingeshinda	yangeshinda	kingeshinda	vingeshinda	ingeshinda	zingeshinda	ungeshinda	kungeshinda	pangeshinda	mungeshinda
Negative	nisingeshinda singeshinda	tusingeshinda hatungeshinda	usingeshinda hungeshinda	msingeshinda hamngeshinda	asingeshinda hangeshinda	wasingeshinda hawangeshinda	usingeshinda haungeshinda	isingeshinda haingeshinda	lisingeshinda halingeshinda	yasingeshinda hayangeshinda	kisingeshinda hakingeshinda	visingeshinda havingeshinda	isingeshinda haingeshinda	zisingeshinda hazingeshinda	usingeshinda haungeshinda	kusingeshinda hakungeshinda	pasingeshinda hapangeshinda	musingeshinda hamungeshinda

Past Conditional
Positive	ningalishinda	tungalishinda	ungalishinda	mngalishinda	angalishinda	wangalishinda	ungalishinda	ingalishinda	lingalishinda	yangalishinda	kingalishinda	vingalishinda	ingalishinda	zingalishinda	ungalishinda	kungalishinda	pangalishinda	mungalishinda
Negative	nisingalishinda singalishinda	tusingalishinda hatungalishinda	usingalishinda hungalishinda	msingalishinda hamngalishinda	asingalishinda hangalishinda	wasingalishinda hawangalishinda	usingalishinda haungalishinda	isingalishinda haingalishinda	lisingalishinda halingalishinda	yasingalishinda hayangalishinda	kisingalishinda hakingalishinda	visingalishinda havingalishinda	isingalishinda haingalishinda	zisingalishinda hazingalishinda	usingalishinda haungalishinda	kusingalishinda hakungalishinda	pasingalishinda hapangalishinda	musingalishinda hamungalishinda

Conditional Contrary to Fact
Positive	ningelishinda	tungelishinda	ungelishinda	mngelishinda	angelishinda	wangelishinda	ungelishinda	ingelishinda	lingelishinda	yangelishinda	kingelishinda	vingelishinda	ingelishinda	zingelishinda	ungelishinda	kungelishinda	pangelishinda	mungelishinda

General Relative
Positive	nishindao	tushindao	ushindao	mshindao	ashindao	washindao	ushindao	ishindao	lishindao	yashindao	kishindao	vishindao	ishindao	zishindao	ushindao	kushindao	pashindao	mushindao
Negative	nisioshinda	tusioshinda	usioshinda	msioshinda	asioshinda	wasioshinda	usioshinda	isioshinda	lisioshinda	yasioshinda	kisioshinda	visioshinda	isioshinda	zisioshinda	usioshinda	kusioshinda	pasioshinda	musioshinda

Gnomic
Positive	nashinda	twashinda	washinda	mwashinda	ashinda	washinda	washinda	yashinda	lashinda	yashinda	chashinda	vyashinda	yashinda	zashinda	washinda	kwashinda	pashinda	mwashinda

Perfect
Positive	nimeshinda	tumeshinda	umeshinda	mmeshinda	ameshinda	wameshinda	umeshinda	imeshinda	limeshinda	yameshinda	kimeshinda	vimeshinda	imeshinda	zimeshinda	umeshinda	kumeshinda	pameshinda	mumeshinda

"Already"
Positive	nimeshashinda	tumeshashinda	umeshashinda	mmeshashinda	ameshashinda	wameshashinda	umeshashinda	imeshashinda	limeshashinda	yameshashinda	kimeshashinda	vimeshashinda	imeshashinda	zimeshashinda	umeshashinda	kumeshashinda	pameshashinda	mumeshashinda

"Not yet"
Negative	sijashinda	hatujashinda	hujashinda	hamjashinda	hajashinda	hawajashinda	haujashinda	haijashinda	halijashinda	hayajashinda	hakijashinda	havijashinda	haijashinda	hazijashinda	haujashinda	hakujashinda	hapajashinda	hamujashinda

"If/When"
Positive	nikishinda	tukishinda	ukishinda	mkishinda	akishinda	wakishinda	ukishinda	ikishinda	likishinda	yakishinda	kikishinda	vikishinda	ikishinda	zikishinda	ukishinda	kukishinda	pakishinda	mukishinda

"If not"
Negative	nisiposhinda	tusiposhinda	usiposhinda	msiposhinda	asiposhinda	wasiposhinda	usiposhinda	isiposhinda	lisiposhinda	yasiposhinda	kisiposhinda	visiposhinda	isiposhinda	zisiposhinda	usiposhinda	kusiposhinda	pasiposhinda	musiposhinda

Consecutive
Positive	nikashinda	tukashinda	ukashinda	mkashinda	akashinda	wakashinda	ukashinda	ikashinda	likashinda	yakashinda	kikashinda	vikashinda	ikashinda	zikashinda	ukashinda	kukashinda	pakashinda	mukashinda

Not all possible forms are listed in the table. Transitive verbs can take object concords, relative concords can agree with all noun classes, and many other forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Derived terms

Verbal derivations:
- Applicative: -shindia
- Causative: -shindisha
- Passive: -shindwa

Nominal derivations:
- mshindi
- mshindwa
- ushinda (“victory; success”)
- ushinde

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