| Conjugation of -onya |
| Non-finite forms |
| Form |
Positive |
Negative |
| Infinitive |
kuonya |
kutoonya |
| Simple finite forms |
| Positive form |
Singular |
Plural |
| Imperative |
onya |
onyeni |
| Habitual |
huonya |
| Complex finite forms |
| Polarity |
Persons |
Persons / Classes |
Classes |
| 1st |
2nd |
3rd / M-wa |
M-mi |
Ma |
Ki-vi |
N |
U |
Ku |
Pa |
Mu |
| Sg. |
Pl. |
Sg. |
Pl. |
Sg. / 1 |
Pl. / 2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
9 |
10 |
11 / 14 |
15 / 17 |
16 |
18 |
| Past |
| Positive |
nilionya nalionya |
tulionya twalionya |
ulionya walionya |
mlionya mwalionya |
alionya |
walionya |
ulionya |
ilionya |
lilionya |
yalionya |
kilionya |
vilionya |
ilionya |
zilionya |
ulionya |
kulionya |
palionya |
mulionya |
| Relative |
nilioonya nalioonya |
tulioonya twalioonya |
ulioonya walioonya |
mlioonya mwalioonya |
alioonya |
walioonya |
ulioonya |
ilioonya |
lilioonya |
yalioonya |
kilioonya |
vilioonya |
ilioonya |
zilioonya |
ulioonya |
kulioonya |
palioonya |
mulioonya |
| Negative |
sikuonya |
hatukuonya |
hukuonya |
hamkuonya |
hakuonya |
hawakuonya |
haukuonya |
haikuonya |
halikuonya |
hayakuonya |
hakikuonya |
havikuonya |
haikuonya |
hazikuonya |
haukuonya |
hakukuonya |
hapakuonya |
hamukuonya |
|
| Present |
| Positive |
ninaonya naonya |
tunaonya |
unaonya |
mnaonya |
anaonya |
wanaonya |
unaonya |
inaonya |
linaonya |
yanaonya |
kinaonya |
vinaonya |
inaonya |
zinaonya |
unaonya |
kunaonya |
panaonya |
munaonya |
| Relative |
ninaoonya naoonya |
tunaoonya |
unaoonya |
mnaoonya |
anaoonya |
wanaoonya |
unaoonya |
inaoonya |
linaoonya |
yanaoonya |
kinaoonya |
vinaoonya |
inaoonya |
zinaoonya |
unaoonya |
kunaoonya |
panaoonya |
munaoonya |
| Negative |
sionyi |
hatuonyi |
huonyi |
hamonyi |
haonyi |
hawaonyi |
hauonyi |
haionyi |
halionyi |
hayaonyi |
hakionyi |
havionyi |
haionyi |
hazionyi |
hauonyi |
hakuonyi |
hapaonyi |
hamuonyi |
|
| Future |
| Positive |
nitaonya |
tutaonya |
utaonya |
mtaonya |
ataonya |
wataonya |
utaonya |
itaonya |
litaonya |
yataonya |
kitaonya |
vitaonya |
itaonya |
zitaonya |
utaonya |
kutaonya |
pataonya |
mutaonya |
| Relative |
nitakaoonya |
tutakaoonya |
utakaoonya |
mtakaoonya |
atakaoonya |
watakaoonya |
utakaoonya |
itakaoonya |
litakaoonya |
yatakaoonya |
kitakaoonya |
vitakaoonya |
itakaoonya |
zitakaoonya |
utakaoonya |
kutakaoonya |
patakaoonya |
mutakaoonya |
| Negative |
sitaonya |
hatutaonya |
hutaonya |
hamtaonya |
hataonya |
hawataonya |
hautaonya |
haitaonya |
halitaonya |
hayataonya |
hakitaonya |
havitaonya |
haitaonya |
hazitaonya |
hautaonya |
hakutaonya |
hapataonya |
hamutaonya |
|
| Subjunctive |
| Positive |
nionye |
tuonye |
uonye |
monye |
aonye |
waonye |
uonye |
ionye |
lionye |
yaonye |
kionye |
vionye |
ionye |
zionye |
uonye |
kuonye |
paonye |
muonye |
| Negative |
nisionye |
tusionye |
usionye |
msionye |
asionye |
wasionye |
usionye |
isionye |
lisionye |
yasionye |
kisionye |
visionye |
isionye |
zisionye |
usionye |
kusionye |
pasionye |
musionye |
|
| Present Conditional |
| Positive |
ningeonya |
tungeonya |
ungeonya |
mngeonya |
angeonya |
wangeonya |
ungeonya |
ingeonya |
lingeonya |
yangeonya |
kingeonya |
vingeonya |
ingeonya |
zingeonya |
ungeonya |
kungeonya |
pangeonya |
mungeonya |
| Negative |
nisingeonya singeonya |
tusingeonya hatungeonya |
usingeonya hungeonya |
msingeonya hamngeonya |
asingeonya hangeonya |
wasingeonya hawangeonya |
usingeonya haungeonya |
isingeonya haingeonya |
lisingeonya halingeonya |
yasingeonya hayangeonya |
kisingeonya hakingeonya |
visingeonya havingeonya |
isingeonya haingeonya |
zisingeonya hazingeonya |
usingeonya haungeonya |
kusingeonya hakungeonya |
pasingeonya hapangeonya |
musingeonya hamungeonya |
|
| Past Conditional |
| Positive |
ningalionya |
tungalionya |
ungalionya |
mngalionya |
angalionya |
wangalionya |
ungalionya |
ingalionya |
lingalionya |
yangalionya |
kingalionya |
vingalionya |
ingalionya |
zingalionya |
ungalionya |
kungalionya |
pangalionya |
mungalionya |
| Negative |
nisingalionya singalionya |
tusingalionya hatungalionya |
usingalionya hungalionya |
msingalionya hamngalionya |
asingalionya hangalionya |
wasingalionya hawangalionya |
usingalionya haungalionya |
isingalionya haingalionya |
lisingalionya halingalionya |
yasingalionya hayangalionya |
kisingalionya hakingalionya |
visingalionya havingalionya |
isingalionya haingalionya |
zisingalionya hazingalionya |
usingalionya haungalionya |
kusingalionya hakungalionya |
pasingalionya hapangalionya |
musingalionya hamungalionya |
|
| Conditional Contrary to Fact |
| Positive |
ningelionya |
tungelionya |
ungelionya |
mngelionya |
angelionya |
wangelionya |
ungelionya |
ingelionya |
lingelionya |
yangelionya |
kingelionya |
vingelionya |
ingelionya |
zingelionya |
ungelionya |
kungelionya |
pangelionya |
mungelionya |
|
| General Relative |
| Positive |
nionyao |
tuonyao |
uonyao |
monyao |
aonyao |
waonyao |
uonyao |
ionyao |
lionyao |
yaonyao |
kionyao |
vionyao |
ionyao |
zionyao |
uonyao |
kuonyao |
paonyao |
muonyao |
| Negative |
nisioonya |
tusioonya |
usioonya |
msioonya |
asioonya |
wasioonya |
usioonya |
isioonya |
lisioonya |
yasioonya |
kisioonya |
visioonya |
isioonya |
zisioonya |
usioonya |
kusioonya |
pasioonya |
musioonya |
|
| Gnomic |
| Positive |
naonya |
twaonya |
waonya |
mwaonya |
aonya |
waonya |
waonya |
yaonya |
laonya |
yaonya |
chaonya |
vyaonya |
yaonya |
zaonya |
waonya |
kwaonya |
paonya |
mwaonya |
|
| Perfect |
| Positive |
nimeonya |
tumeonya |
umeonya |
mmeonya |
ameonya |
wameonya |
umeonya |
imeonya |
limeonya |
yameonya |
kimeonya |
vimeonya |
imeonya |
zimeonya |
umeonya |
kumeonya |
pameonya |
mumeonya |
|
| "Already" |
| Positive |
nimeshaonya |
tumeshaonya |
umeshaonya |
mmeshaonya |
ameshaonya |
wameshaonya |
umeshaonya |
imeshaonya |
limeshaonya |
yameshaonya |
kimeshaonya |
vimeshaonya |
imeshaonya |
zimeshaonya |
umeshaonya |
kumeshaonya |
pameshaonya |
mumeshaonya |
|
| "Not yet" |
| Negative |
sijaonya |
hatujaonya |
hujaonya |
hamjaonya |
hajaonya |
hawajaonya |
haujaonya |
haijaonya |
halijaonya |
hayajaonya |
hakijaonya |
havijaonya |
haijaonya |
hazijaonya |
haujaonya |
hakujaonya |
hapajaonya |
hamujaonya |
|
| "If/When" |
| Positive |
nikionya |
tukionya |
ukionya |
mkionya |
akionya |
wakionya |
ukionya |
ikionya |
likionya |
yakionya |
kikionya |
vikionya |
ikionya |
zikionya |
ukionya |
kukionya |
pakionya |
mukionya |
|
| "If not" |
| Negative |
nisipoonya |
tusipoonya |
usipoonya |
msipoonya |
asipoonya |
wasipoonya |
usipoonya |
isipoonya |
lisipoonya |
yasipoonya |
kisipoonya |
visipoonya |
isipoonya |
zisipoonya |
usipoonya |
kusipoonya |
pasipoonya |
musipoonya |
|
| Consecutive |
| Positive |
nikaonya |
tukaonya |
ukaonya |
mkaonya |
akaonya |
wakaonya |
ukaonya |
ikaonya |
likaonya |
yakaonya |
kikaonya |
vikaonya |
ikaonya |
zikaonya |
ukaonya |
kukaonya |
pakaonya |
mukaonya |
|
| Not all possible forms are listed in the table. Transitive verbs can take object concords, relative concords can agree with all noun classes, and many other forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information. |