ngena

Xhosa

Verb

-ngena?

  1. to enter, to go into [+locative]

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Zulu

Verb

-ngéna

  1. to enter, to go into [+locative]
  2. to invade [+locative]
  3. to begin (of a season)

Inflection

Tone H
Infinitive ukungena
Positive Negative
Infinitive ukungena ukungangeni
Imperative
Simple + object concord
Singular ngena ngene
Plural ngenani ngeneni
Present
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngiyangena, ngingena engingenayo, engingena ngingena angingeni engingangeni ngingangeni
2nd singular uyangena, ungena ongenayo, ongena ungena awungeni ongangeni ungangeni
1st plural siyangena, singena esingenayo, esingena singena asingeni esingangeni singangeni
2nd plural niyangena, ningena eningenayo, eningena ningena aningeni eningangeni ningangeni
Class 1 uyangena, ungena ongenayo, ongena engena akangeni ongangeni engangeni
Class 2 bayangena, bangena abangenayo, abangena bengena abangeni abangangeni bengangeni
Class 3 uyangena, ungena ongenayo, ongena ungena awungeni ongangeni ungangeni
Class 4 iyangena, ingena engenayo, engena ingena ayingeni engangeni ingangeni
Class 5 liyangena, lingena elingenayo, elingena lingena alingeni elingangeni lingangeni
Class 6 ayangena, angena angenayo, angena engena awangeni angangeni engangeni
Class 7 siyangena, singena esingenayo, esingena singena asingeni esingangeni singangeni
Class 8 ziyangena, zingena ezingenayo, ezingena zingena azingeni ezingangeni zingangeni
Class 9 iyangena, ingena engenayo, engena ingena ayingeni engangeni ingangeni
Class 10 ziyangena, zingena ezingenayo, ezingena zingena azingeni ezingangeni zingangeni
Class 11 luyangena, lungena olungenayo, olungena lungena alungeni olungangeni lungangeni
Class 14 buyangena, bungena obungenayo, obungena bungena abungeni obungangeni bungangeni
Class 15 kuyangena, kungena okungenayo, okungena kungena akungeni okungangeni kungangeni
Class 17 kuyangena, kungena okungenayo, okungena kungena akungeni okungangeni kungangeni
Recent past
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngingenile, ngingenē engingenile, engingenē ngingenile, ngingenē angingenanga engingangenanga ngingangenanga
2nd singular ungenile, ungenē ongenile, ongenē ungenile, ungenē awungenanga ongangenanga ungangenanga
1st plural singenile, singenē esingenile, esingenē singenile, singenē asingenanga esingangenanga singangenanga
2nd plural ningenile, ningenē eningenile, eningenē ningenile, ningenē aningenanga eningangenanga ningangenanga
Class 1 ungenile, ungenē ongenile, ongenē engenile, engenē akangenanga ongangenanga engangenanga
Class 2 bangenile, bangenē abangenile, abangenē bengenile, bengenē abangenanga abangangenanga bengangenanga
Class 3 ungenile, ungenē ongenile, ongenē ungenile, ungenē awungenanga ongangenanga ungangenanga
Class 4 ingenile, ingenē engenile, engenē ingenile, ingenē ayingenanga engangenanga ingangenanga
Class 5 lingenile, lingenē elingenile, elingenē lingenile, lingenē alingenanga elingangenanga lingangenanga
Class 6 angenile, angenē angenile, angenē engenile, engenē awangenanga angangenanga engangenanga
Class 7 singenile, singenē esingenile, esingenē singenile, singenē asingenanga esingangenanga singangenanga
Class 8 zingenile, zingenē ezingenile, ezingenē zingenile, zingenē azingenanga ezingangenanga zingangenanga
Class 9 ingenile, ingenē engenile, engenē ingenile, ingenē ayingenanga engangenanga ingangenanga
Class 10 zingenile, zingenē ezingenile, ezingenē zingenile, zingenē azingenanga ezingangenanga zingangenanga
Class 11 lungenile, lungenē olungenile, olungenē lungenile, lungenē alungenanga olungangenanga lungangenanga
Class 14 bungenile, bungenē obungenile, obungenē bungenile, bungenē abungenanga obungangenanga bungangenanga
Class 15 kungenile, kungenē okungenile, okungenē kungenile, kungenē akungenanga okungangenanga kungangenanga
Class 17 kungenile, kungenē okungenile, okungenē kungenile, kungenē akungenanga okungangenanga kungangenanga
Remote past
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngāngena engāngena ngāngena angingenanga engingangenanga ngingangenanga
2nd singular wāngena owāngena wāngena awungenanga ongangenanga ungangenanga
1st plural sāngena esāngena sāngena asingenanga esingangenanga singangenanga
2nd plural nāngena enāngena nāngena aningenanga eningangenanga ningangenanga
Class 1 wāngena owāngena āngena akangenanga ongangenanga engangenanga
Class 2 bāngena abāngena bāngena abangenanga abangangenanga bengangenanga
Class 3 wāngena owāngena wāngena awungenanga ongangenanga ungangenanga
Class 4 yāngena eyāngena yāngena ayingenanga engangenanga ingangenanga
Class 5 lāngena elāngena lāngena alingenanga elingangenanga lingangenanga
Class 6 āngena āngena āngena awangenanga angangenanga engangenanga
Class 7 sāngena esāngena sāngena asingenanga esingangenanga singangenanga
Class 8 zāngena ezāngena zāngena azingenanga ezingangenanga zingangenanga
Class 9 yāngena eyāngena yāngena ayingenanga engangenanga ingangenanga
Class 10 zāngena ezāngena zāngena azingenanga ezingangenanga zingangenanga
Class 11 lwāngena olwāngena lwāngena alungenanga olungangenanga lungangenanga
Class 14 bāngena obāngena bāngena abungenanga obungangenanga bungangenanga
Class 15 kwāngena okwāngena kwāngena akungenanga okungangenanga kungangenanga
Class 17 kwāngena okwāngena kwāngena akungenanga okungangenanga kungangenanga
Potential
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngingangena — ngingangena ngingengene — ngingengene
2nd singular ungangena — ungangena ungengene — ungengene
1st plural singangena — singangena singengene — singengene
2nd plural ningangena — ningangena ningengene — ningengene
Class 1 angangena — engangena angengene — engengene
Class 2 bangangena — bengangena bangengene — bengengene
Class 3 ungangena — ungangena ungengene — ungengene
Class 4 ingangena — ingangena ingengene — ingengene
Class 5 lingangena — lingangena lingengene — lingengene
Class 6 angangena — engangena angengene — engengene
Class 7 singangena — singangena singengene — singengene
Class 8 zingangena — zingangena zingengene — zingengene
Class 9 ingangena — ingangena ingengene — ingengene
Class 10 zingangena — zingangena zingengene — zingengene
Class 11 lungangena — lungangena lungengene — lungengene
Class 14 bungangena — bungangena bungengene — bungengene
Class 15 kungangena — kungangena kungengene — kungengene
Class 17 kungangena — kungangena kungengene — kungengene
Immediate future
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngizongena engizongena ngizongena angizungena — ngingezungena
2nd singular uzongena ozongena uzongena awuzungena — ungezungena
1st plural sizongena esizongena sizongena asizungena — singezungena
2nd plural nizongena enizongena nizongena anizungena — ningezungena
Class 1 uzongena ozongena ezongena akazungena — engezungena
Class 2 bazongena abazongena bezongena abazungena — bengezungena
Class 3 uzongena ozongena uzongena awuzungena — ungezungena
Class 4 izongena ezongena izongena ayizungena — ingezungena
Class 5 lizongena elizongena lizongena alizungena — lingezungena
Class 6 azongena azongena ezongena awazungena — engezungena
Class 7 sizongena esizongena sizongena asizungena — singezungena
Class 8 zizongena ezizongena zizongena azizungena — zingezungena
Class 9 izongena ezongena izongena ayizungena — ingezungena
Class 10 zizongena ezizongena zizongena azizungena — zingezungena
Class 11 luzongena oluzongena luzongena aluzungena — lungezungena
Class 14 buzongena obuzongena buzongena abuzungena — bungezungena
Class 15 kuzongena okuzongena kuzongena akuzungena — kungezungena
Class 17 kuzongena okuzongena kuzongena akuzungena — kungezungena
Remote future
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngiyongena engiyongena ngiyongena angiyungena — ngingeyungena
2nd singular uyongena oyongena uyongena awuyungena — ungeyungena
1st plural siyongena esiyongena siyongena asiyungena — singeyungena
2nd plural niyongena eniyongena niyongena aniyungena — ningeyungena
Class 1 uyongena oyongena eyongena akayungena — engeyungena
Class 2 bayongena abayongena beyongena abayungena — bengeyungena
Class 3 uyongena oyongena uyongena awuyungena — ungeyungena
Class 4 iyongena eyongena iyongena ayiyungena — ingeyungena
Class 5 liyongena eliyongena liyongena aliyungena — lingeyungena
Class 6 ayongena ayongena eyongena awayungena — engeyungena
Class 7 siyongena esiyongena siyongena asiyungena — singeyungena
Class 8 ziyongena eziyongena ziyongena aziyungena — zingeyungena
Class 9 iyongena eyongena iyongena ayiyungena — ingeyungena
Class 10 ziyongena eziyongena ziyongena aziyungena — zingeyungena
Class 11 luyongena oluyongena luyongena aluyungena — lungeyungena
Class 14 buyongena obuyongena buyongena abuyungena — bungeyungena
Class 15 kuyongena okuyongena kuyongena akuyungena — kungeyungena
Class 17 kuyongena okuyongena kuyongena akuyungena — kungeyungena
Present subjunctive
Positive Negative
1st singular ngingene ngingangeni
2nd singular ungene ungangeni
1st plural singene singangeni
2nd plural ningene ningangeni
Class 1 angene angangeni
Class 2 bangene bangangeni
Class 3 ungene ungangeni
Class 4 ingene ingangeni
Class 5 lingene lingangeni
Class 6 angene angangeni
Class 7 singene singangeni
Class 8 zingene zingangeni
Class 9 ingene ingangeni
Class 10 zingene zingangeni
Class 11 lungene lungangeni
Class 14 bungene bungangeni
Class 15 kungene kungangeni
Class 17 kungene kungangeni
Past subjunctive
Positive Negative
1st singular ngangena angingena
2nd singular wangena awungena
1st plural sangena asingena
2nd plural nangena aningena
Class 1 wangena akangena
Class 2 bangena abangena
Class 3 wangena awungena
Class 4 yangena ayingena
Class 5 langena alingena
Class 6 angena awangena
Class 7 sangena asingena
Class 8 zangena azingena
Class 9 yangena ayingena
Class 10 zangena azingena
Class 11 lwangena alungena
Class 14 bangena abungena
Class 15 kwangena akungena
Class 17 kwangena akungena

Derived terms

  • -ngenela (applicative)
  • -ngenisa (causative)
  • -ngenangena (diminutive)
  • -ngenisisa (intensive)
  • -ngeneka (neuter-passive)
  • -ngenwa (passive)
  • -ngenana (reciprocal)
  • umNgeni
  • isingeno

References

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