mí-

See also: mi- and mì-

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish mí- (compare Scottish Gaelic mì-), from Proto-Indo-European *mei- (“to change”). Cognate with English mis-, Latin minus (“lesser”), Ancient Greek μείων (meíōn, “less”).

Prefix

mí-

  1. Having a negative or missing quality
    bad, ill-, evil, dis-, mis-, mal-
  2. not
    un-, in-, dis-, mis-

Usage notes

  • Does not change form for broad or slender nouns;
  • Triggers lenition when attached to a noun or adjective beginning with a consonant:
    ceart (“right, correct”) → mícheart (“incorrect, wrong”)
    cothrom (“equal; balanced; level”) → míchothrom (“uneven”)
  • Written with a hyphen when attached to nouns or adjectives beginning with a vowel:
    ordú (“order”) → mí-ordú (“disorder”)

Synonyms

Derived terms

► <a class='CategoryTreeLabel CategoryTreeLabelNs14 CategoryTreeLabelCategory' href='/wiki/Category:Irish_words_prefixed_with_m%C3%AD-'>Irish words prefixed with mí-</a>

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Eclipsis
mí- mhí- not applicable
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

  • “mí-” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.

Old Irish

Etymology

Possibly from mis (“less”). Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *mei- (“to change”).

Prefix

mí-

  1. (pejorative) evil, ill, sinister

Descendants

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
RadicalLenitionNasalization
mí-
also mmí- after a proclitic		 mí-
pronounced with /ṽ(ʲ)-/		 mí-
also mmí- after a proclitic
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

  • “mí-” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.
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