liana

See also: Liana and Liāna

English

Etymology

From French liane, of unknown origin (perhaps from an indigenous language), but influenced by lien (“to bind”).

Pronunciation

  • Rhymes: -ɑːnə

Noun

liana (plural lianas)

  1. A climbing woody vine, usually tropical.
    • 1839, Charles Darwin, The Voyage of the Beagle, Chapter 2,
      Many of the older trees presented a very curious appearance from the tresses of a liana hanging from their boughs, and resembling bundles of hay.
    • 1884, Achilles Daunt, Frank Redcliffe: A story of travel and adventure in the forests of Venezuela (A Book for Boys), London: T. Nelson & Sons, Chapter 5, p. 99,
      Flowering lianas hung in long streaming lines from the outstretched boughs and dipped their pendulous bouquets in the water of the igarape, which reflected the cloudless blue of the sky.
    • 1943, Allied Geographical Section, Southwest Pacific Area, Getting About in New Guinea, 4 April, 1943, p. 6,
      Allow friendly natives to walk in front of you on the track. They have sharp eyes for pitfalls, snakes, hornets, and stinging plants. They will cut the lianas and thorny trailers. They like to do it.
    • 1961, V. S. Naipaul, A House for Mr Biswas, Vintage International, 2001, Part Two, Chapter 3,
      They left the drive and stood among the wild tannia under the saman tree. Mrs Tulsi held a liana and offered it to Mr Biswas. While he felt it, she held a thinner liana and pulled it down. ‘As strong as rope,’ she said. ‘The children could skip with this.’
  2. Any vine.

Translations

See also

Anagrams

Italian

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /liˈana/, /ˈljana/

Noun

liana f (plural liane)

  1. liana (vine)
  2. plot (complicated)

Anagrams

Polish

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈlʲa.na/
  • Audio(file)

Noun

liana f

  1. liana

Declension

Spanish

Etymology

From French liane, of unknown ultimate origin.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈljana/

Noun

liana f (plural lianas)

  1. liana

Synonyms

Further reading

Swahili

Verb

-liana (infinitive kuliana)

  1. Reciprocal form of -lia

Conjugation

Conjugation of -liana
Non-finite forms
Form Positive Negative
Infinitive kuliana kutoliana
Simple finite forms
Positive form Singular Plural
Imperative liana lianeni
Habitual huliana
Complex finite forms
Polarity Persons Persons / Classes Classes
1st 2nd 3rd / M-wa M-mi Ma Ki-vi N U Ku Pa Mu
Sg. Pl. Sg. Pl. Sg. / 1 Pl. / 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 / 14 15 / 17 16 18
Past
Positive nililiana
naliliana		 tuliliana
twaliliana		 uliliana
waliliana		 mliliana
mwaliliana		 aliliana waliliana uliliana ililiana lililiana yaliliana kililiana vililiana ililiana zililiana uliliana kuliliana paliliana muliliana
Relative nilioliana
nalioliana		 tulioliana
twalioliana		 ulioliana
walioliana		 mlioliana
mwalioliana		 alioliana walioliana ulioliana ilioliana lilioliana yalioliana kilioliana vilioliana ilioliana zilioliana ulioliana kulioliana palioliana mulioliana
Negative sikuliana hatukuliana hukuliana hamkuliana hakuliana hawakuliana haukuliana haikuliana halikuliana hayakuliana hakikuliana havikuliana haikuliana hazikuliana haukuliana hakukuliana hapakuliana hamukuliana
Present
Positive ninaliana
naliana		 tunaliana unaliana mnaliana analiana wanaliana unaliana inaliana linaliana yanaliana kinaliana vinaliana inaliana zinaliana unaliana kunaliana panaliana munaliana
Relative ninaoliana
naoliana		 tunaoliana unaoliana mnaoliana anaoliana wanaoliana unaoliana inaoliana linaoliana yanaoliana kinaoliana vinaoliana inaoliana zinaoliana unaoliana kunaoliana panaoliana munaoliana
Negative siliani hatuliani huliani hamliani haliani hawaliani hauliani hailiani haliliani hayaliani hakiliani haviliani hailiani haziliani hauliani hakuliani hapaliani hamuliani
Future
Positive nitaliana tutaliana utaliana mtaliana ataliana wataliana utaliana italiana litaliana yataliana kitaliana vitaliana italiana zitaliana utaliana kutaliana pataliana mutaliana
Relative nitakaoliana tutakaoliana utakaoliana mtakaoliana atakaoliana watakaoliana utakaoliana itakaoliana litakaoliana yatakaoliana kitakaoliana vitakaoliana itakaoliana zitakaoliana utakaoliana kutakaoliana patakaoliana mutakaoliana
Negative sitaliana hatutaliana hutaliana hamtaliana hataliana hawataliana hautaliana haitaliana halitaliana hayataliana hakitaliana havitaliana haitaliana hazitaliana hautaliana hakutaliana hapataliana hamutaliana
Subjunctive
Positive niliane tuliane uliane mliane aliane waliane uliane iliane liliane yaliane kiliane viliane iliane ziliane uliane kuliane paliane muliane
Negative nisiliane tusiliane usiliane msiliane asiliane wasiliane usiliane isiliane lisiliane yasiliane kisiliane visiliane isiliane zisiliane usiliane kusiliane pasiliane musiliane
Present Conditional
Positive ningeliana tungeliana ungeliana mngeliana angeliana wangeliana ungeliana ingeliana lingeliana yangeliana kingeliana vingeliana ingeliana zingeliana ungeliana kungeliana pangeliana mungeliana
Negative nisingeliana
singeliana		 tusingeliana
hatungeliana		 usingeliana
hungeliana		 msingeliana
hamngeliana		 asingeliana
hangeliana		 wasingeliana
hawangeliana		 usingeliana
haungeliana		 isingeliana
haingeliana		 lisingeliana
halingeliana		 yasingeliana
hayangeliana		 kisingeliana
hakingeliana		 visingeliana
havingeliana		 isingeliana
haingeliana		 zisingeliana
hazingeliana		 usingeliana
haungeliana		 kusingeliana
hakungeliana		 pasingeliana
hapangeliana		 musingeliana
hamungeliana
Past Conditional
Positive ningaliliana tungaliliana ungaliliana mngaliliana angaliliana wangaliliana ungaliliana ingaliliana lingaliliana yangaliliana kingaliliana vingaliliana ingaliliana zingaliliana ungaliliana kungaliliana pangaliliana mungaliliana
Negative nisingaliliana
singaliliana		 tusingaliliana
hatungaliliana		 usingaliliana
hungaliliana		 msingaliliana
hamngaliliana		 asingaliliana
hangaliliana		 wasingaliliana
hawangaliliana		 usingaliliana
haungaliliana		 isingaliliana
haingaliliana		 lisingaliliana
halingaliliana		 yasingaliliana
hayangaliliana		 kisingaliliana
hakingaliliana		 visingaliliana
havingaliliana		 isingaliliana
haingaliliana		 zisingaliliana
hazingaliliana		 usingaliliana
haungaliliana		 kusingaliliana
hakungaliliana		 pasingaliliana
hapangaliliana		 musingaliliana
hamungaliliana
Conditional Contrary to Fact
Positive ningeliliana tungeliliana ungeliliana mngeliliana angeliliana wangeliliana ungeliliana ingeliliana lingeliliana yangeliliana kingeliliana vingeliliana ingeliliana zingeliliana ungeliliana kungeliliana pangeliliana mungeliliana
General Relative
Positive nilianao tulianao ulianao mlianao alianao walianao ulianao ilianao lilianao yalianao kilianao vilianao ilianao zilianao ulianao kulianao palianao mulianao
Negative nisioliana tusioliana usioliana msioliana asioliana wasioliana usioliana isioliana lisioliana yasioliana kisioliana visioliana isioliana zisioliana usioliana kusioliana pasioliana musioliana
Gnomic
Positive naliana twaliana waliana mwaliana aliana waliana waliana yaliana laliana yaliana chaliana vyaliana yaliana zaliana waliana kwaliana paliana mwaliana
Perfect
Positive nimeliana tumeliana umeliana mmeliana ameliana wameliana umeliana imeliana limeliana yameliana kimeliana vimeliana imeliana zimeliana umeliana kumeliana pameliana mumeliana
"Already"
Positive nimeshaliana tumeshaliana umeshaliana mmeshaliana ameshaliana wameshaliana umeshaliana imeshaliana limeshaliana yameshaliana kimeshaliana vimeshaliana imeshaliana zimeshaliana umeshaliana kumeshaliana pameshaliana mumeshaliana
"Not yet"
Negative sijaliana hatujaliana hujaliana hamjaliana hajaliana hawajaliana haujaliana haijaliana halijaliana hayajaliana hakijaliana havijaliana haijaliana hazijaliana haujaliana hakujaliana hapajaliana hamujaliana
"If/When"
Positive nikiliana tukiliana ukiliana mkiliana akiliana wakiliana ukiliana ikiliana likiliana yakiliana kikiliana vikiliana ikiliana zikiliana ukiliana kukiliana pakiliana mukiliana
"If not"
Negative nisipoliana tusipoliana usipoliana msipoliana asipoliana wasipoliana usipoliana isipoliana lisipoliana yasipoliana kisipoliana visipoliana isipoliana zisipoliana usipoliana kusipoliana pasipoliana musipoliana
Consecutive
Positive nikaliana tukaliana ukaliana mkaliana akaliana wakaliana ukaliana ikaliana likaliana yakaliana kikaliana vikaliana ikaliana zikaliana ukaliana kukaliana pakaliana mukaliana
Not all possible forms are listed in the table. Transitive verbs can take object concords, relative concords can agree with all noun classes, and many other forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
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