kalia

See also: Kalia and Kaliʻa

Latin

Noun

kalia

nominative plural of kalium
accusative plural of kalium
vocative plural of kalium

Swahili

Verb

-kalia (infinitive kukalia)

Applicative form of -kaa

Conjugation

Conjugation of -kalia

Non-finite forms

Form

Positive

Negative

Infinitive

kukalia

kutokalia

Simple finite forms

Positive form

Singular

Plural

Imperative

kalia

kalieni

Habitual

hukalia

Complex finite forms

Polarity

Persons

Persons / Classes

Classes

1st

2nd

3rd / M-wa

M-mi

Ma

Ki-vi

N

U

Ku

Pa

Mu

Sg.

Pl.

Sg.

Pl.

Sg. / 1

Pl. / 2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11 / 14

15 / 17

16

18

Past
Positive	nilikalia nalikalia	tulikalia twalikalia	ulikalia walikalia	mlikalia mwalikalia	alikalia	walikalia	ulikalia	ilikalia	lilikalia	yalikalia	kilikalia	vilikalia	ilikalia	zilikalia	ulikalia	kulikalia	palikalia	mulikalia
Relative	niliokalia naliokalia	tuliokalia twaliokalia	uliokalia waliokalia	mliokalia mwaliokalia	aliokalia	waliokalia	uliokalia	iliokalia	liliokalia	yaliokalia	kiliokalia	viliokalia	iliokalia	ziliokalia	uliokalia	kuliokalia	paliokalia	muliokalia
Negative	sikukalia	hatukukalia	hukukalia	hamkukalia	hakukalia	hawakukalia	haukukalia	haikukalia	halikukalia	hayakukalia	hakikukalia	havikukalia	haikukalia	hazikukalia	haukukalia	hakukukalia	hapakukalia	hamukukalia

Present
Positive	ninakalia nakalia	tunakalia	unakalia	mnakalia	anakalia	wanakalia	unakalia	inakalia	linakalia	yanakalia	kinakalia	vinakalia	inakalia	zinakalia	unakalia	kunakalia	panakalia	munakalia
Relative	ninaokalia naokalia	tunaokalia	unaokalia	mnaokalia	anaokalia	wanaokalia	unaokalia	inaokalia	linaokalia	yanaokalia	kinaokalia	vinaokalia	inaokalia	zinaokalia	unaokalia	kunaokalia	panaokalia	munaokalia
Negative	sikalii	hatukalii	hukalii	hamkalii	hakalii	hawakalii	haukalii	haikalii	halikalii	hayakalii	hakikalii	havikalii	haikalii	hazikalii	haukalii	hakukalii	hapakalii	hamukalii

Future
Positive	nitakalia	tutakalia	utakalia	mtakalia	atakalia	watakalia	utakalia	itakalia	litakalia	yatakalia	kitakalia	vitakalia	itakalia	zitakalia	utakalia	kutakalia	patakalia	mutakalia
Relative	nitakaokalia	tutakaokalia	utakaokalia	mtakaokalia	atakaokalia	watakaokalia	utakaokalia	itakaokalia	litakaokalia	yatakaokalia	kitakaokalia	vitakaokalia	itakaokalia	zitakaokalia	utakaokalia	kutakaokalia	patakaokalia	mutakaokalia
Negative	sitakalia	hatutakalia	hutakalia	hamtakalia	hatakalia	hawatakalia	hautakalia	haitakalia	halitakalia	hayatakalia	hakitakalia	havitakalia	haitakalia	hazitakalia	hautakalia	hakutakalia	hapatakalia	hamutakalia

Subjunctive
Positive	nikalie	tukalie	ukalie	mkalie	akalie	wakalie	ukalie	ikalie	likalie	yakalie	kikalie	vikalie	ikalie	zikalie	ukalie	kukalie	pakalie	mukalie
Negative	nisikalie	tusikalie	usikalie	msikalie	asikalie	wasikalie	usikalie	isikalie	lisikalie	yasikalie	kisikalie	visikalie	isikalie	zisikalie	usikalie	kusikalie	pasikalie	musikalie

Present Conditional
Positive	ningekalia	tungekalia	ungekalia	mngekalia	angekalia	wangekalia	ungekalia	ingekalia	lingekalia	yangekalia	kingekalia	vingekalia	ingekalia	zingekalia	ungekalia	kungekalia	pangekalia	mungekalia
Negative	nisingekalia singekalia	tusingekalia hatungekalia	usingekalia hungekalia	msingekalia hamngekalia	asingekalia hangekalia	wasingekalia hawangekalia	usingekalia haungekalia	isingekalia haingekalia	lisingekalia halingekalia	yasingekalia hayangekalia	kisingekalia hakingekalia	visingekalia havingekalia	isingekalia haingekalia	zisingekalia hazingekalia	usingekalia haungekalia	kusingekalia hakungekalia	pasingekalia hapangekalia	musingekalia hamungekalia

Past Conditional
Positive	ningalikalia	tungalikalia	ungalikalia	mngalikalia	angalikalia	wangalikalia	ungalikalia	ingalikalia	lingalikalia	yangalikalia	kingalikalia	vingalikalia	ingalikalia	zingalikalia	ungalikalia	kungalikalia	pangalikalia	mungalikalia
Negative	nisingalikalia singalikalia	tusingalikalia hatungalikalia	usingalikalia hungalikalia	msingalikalia hamngalikalia	asingalikalia hangalikalia	wasingalikalia hawangalikalia	usingalikalia haungalikalia	isingalikalia haingalikalia	lisingalikalia halingalikalia	yasingalikalia hayangalikalia	kisingalikalia hakingalikalia	visingalikalia havingalikalia	isingalikalia haingalikalia	zisingalikalia hazingalikalia	usingalikalia haungalikalia	kusingalikalia hakungalikalia	pasingalikalia hapangalikalia	musingalikalia hamungalikalia

Conditional Contrary to Fact
Positive	ningelikalia	tungelikalia	ungelikalia	mngelikalia	angelikalia	wangelikalia	ungelikalia	ingelikalia	lingelikalia	yangelikalia	kingelikalia	vingelikalia	ingelikalia	zingelikalia	ungelikalia	kungelikalia	pangelikalia	mungelikalia

General Relative
Positive	nikaliao	tukaliao	ukaliao	mkaliao	akaliao	wakaliao	ukaliao	ikaliao	likaliao	yakaliao	kikaliao	vikaliao	ikaliao	zikaliao	ukaliao	kukaliao	pakaliao	mukaliao
Negative	nisiokalia	tusiokalia	usiokalia	msiokalia	asiokalia	wasiokalia	usiokalia	isiokalia	lisiokalia	yasiokalia	kisiokalia	visiokalia	isiokalia	zisiokalia	usiokalia	kusiokalia	pasiokalia	musiokalia

Gnomic
Positive	nakalia	twakalia	wakalia	mwakalia	akalia	wakalia	wakalia	yakalia	lakalia	yakalia	chakalia	vyakalia	yakalia	zakalia	wakalia	kwakalia	pakalia	mwakalia

Perfect
Positive	nimekalia	tumekalia	umekalia	mmekalia	amekalia	wamekalia	umekalia	imekalia	limekalia	yamekalia	kimekalia	vimekalia	imekalia	zimekalia	umekalia	kumekalia	pamekalia	mumekalia

"Already"
Positive	nimeshakalia	tumeshakalia	umeshakalia	mmeshakalia	ameshakalia	wameshakalia	umeshakalia	imeshakalia	limeshakalia	yameshakalia	kimeshakalia	vimeshakalia	imeshakalia	zimeshakalia	umeshakalia	kumeshakalia	pameshakalia	mumeshakalia

"Not yet"
Negative	sijakalia	hatujakalia	hujakalia	hamjakalia	hajakalia	hawajakalia	haujakalia	haijakalia	halijakalia	hayajakalia	hakijakalia	havijakalia	haijakalia	hazijakalia	haujakalia	hakujakalia	hapajakalia	hamujakalia

"If/When"
Positive	nikikalia	tukikalia	ukikalia	mkikalia	akikalia	wakikalia	ukikalia	ikikalia	likikalia	yakikalia	kikikalia	vikikalia	ikikalia	zikikalia	ukikalia	kukikalia	pakikalia	mukikalia

"If not"
Negative	nisipokalia	tusipokalia	usipokalia	msipokalia	asipokalia	wasipokalia	usipokalia	isipokalia	lisipokalia	yasipokalia	kisipokalia	visipokalia	isipokalia	zisipokalia	usipokalia	kusipokalia	pasipokalia	musipokalia

Consecutive
Positive	nikakalia	tukakalia	ukakalia	mkakalia	akakalia	wakakalia	ukakalia	ikakalia	likakalia	yakakalia	kikakalia	vikakalia	ikakalia	zikakalia	ukakalia	kukakalia	pakakalia	mukakalia

Not all possible forms are listed in the table. Transitive verbs can take object concords, relative concords can agree with all noun classes, and many other forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

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