gaoth

Irish

Pronunciation

(Munster) IPA^(key): /ɡeː/
(Connacht, Ulster) IPA^(key): /ɡiː/

Etymology 1

From Middle Irish gáeth, from Old Irish gaíth, from Proto-Celtic *gaytā.

Noun

gaoth f (genitive singular gaoithe, nominative plural gaotha)

wind, a breeze
- "Sigma", by Secret Garden
  
  ’S í an ghaoth do ghuth,
  ’s í an bháisteach do dheora...
  The wind is thy voice,
  the rain is thy tears...
1. empty talk, bombast
2. flatulence
3. hint, suggestion
1. air
2. (literary) breath

Declension

Declension of gaoth

Second declension

Bare forms

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	gaoth	gaotha
Vocative	a ghaoth	a ghaotha
Genitive	gaoithe	gaoth
Dative	gaoth gaoith (archaic, dialectal)	gaotha

Forms with the definite article

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	an ghaoth	na gaotha
Genitive	na gaoithe	na ngaoth
Dative	leis an ngaoth leis an ngaoith (archaic, dialectal) don ghaoth don ghaoith (archaic, dialectal)	leis na gaotha

Alternative plural: gaothanna (Cois Fharraige)

Derived terms

coileach gaoithe (“weather-cock; changeable person”)
gabhlán gaoithe (“swift”)
pocaire gaoithe (“kestrel”)
tuirbín gaoithe (“wind turbine”)

Etymology 2

From Old Irish gáeth (“the sea, a stream, an estuary”).

Noun

gaoth m (genitive singular gaoith, nominative plural gaotha)

inlet of sea, estuary

Declension

Declension of gaoth

First declension

Bare forms:

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	gaoth	gaotha
Vocative	a ghaoith	a ghaotha
Genitive	gaoith	gaoth
Dative	gaoth	gaotha

Forms with the definite article:

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	an gaoth	na gaotha
Genitive	an ghaoith	na ngaoth
Dative	leis an ngaoth don ghaoth	leis na gaotha

Alternative genitive singular: gaotha

Derived terms

Gaoth Dobhair

Etymology 3

From Old Irish gáeth, gáith (“wise, intelligent, shrewd; skilful”, adjective).

Adjective

gaoth (genitive singular masculine gaoith, genitive singular feminine gaoithe, plural gaotha, comparative gaoithe)

(literary) wise, sagacious, shrewd, intelligent

Declension

Declension of gaoth

Positive	Masculine	Feminine	(strong noun)	(weak noun)
	Singular		Plural (m/f)
Nominative	gaoth	ghaoth	gaotha; ghaotha²
Vocative	ghaoith	ghaoth	gaotha
Genitive	ghaoith	gaothe	gaotha	gaoth
Dative	gaoth; ghaoth¹	ghaoth; ghaoith (archaic)	gaotha; ghaotha²
Comparative	níos gaothe
Superlative	is gaothe

¹ When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article.
² When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Eclipsis
gaoth	ghaoth	ngaoth
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

"gaoth" in Foclóir Gaeilge-Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.
“1 gáeth” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.
“2 gáeth” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.
“3 gáeth” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Middle Irish gáeth, from Old Irish gaíth, from Proto-Celtic *gaytā, *gaito-, from Proto-Indo-European *ghai, *ghei, *ghi (“drive, storm”).

Noun

gaoth f (genitive singular gaoithe, plural gaothan)

wind

Tha a' ghaoth ag èiridh. ― The wind is rising.
(vulgar) flatulence

Derived terms

Terms derived from gaoth

crann-gaoithe (“wind turbine”)
gaothach (“windy; flatulent”)
gaoth-ghrèine (“solar wind”)

gaoth tro tholl (“draught”)
gobhlan-gaoithe (“swallow”)
muileann-gaoithe (“windmill”)

sgèile gaoithe (“wind scale”)
sruth-gaoith (“draught”)

References

Faclair Gàidhlig Dwelly Air Loidhne, Dwelly, Edward (1911), Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan/The Illustrated [Scottish] Gaelic-English Dictionary (10th ed.), Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
“2 gáeth” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.

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