| Conjugation of -gaia |
| Non-finite forms |
| Form |
Positive |
Negative |
| Infinitive |
kugaia |
kutogaia |
| Simple finite forms |
| Positive form |
Singular |
Plural |
| Imperative |
gaia |
gaieni |
| Habitual |
hugaia |
| Complex finite forms |
| Polarity |
Persons |
Persons / Classes |
Classes |
| 1st |
2nd |
3rd / M-wa |
M-mi |
Ma |
Ki-vi |
N |
U |
Ku |
Pa |
Mu |
| Sg. |
Pl. |
Sg. |
Pl. |
Sg. / 1 |
Pl. / 2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
9 |
10 |
11 / 14 |
15 / 17 |
16 |
18 |
| Past |
| Positive |
niligaia naligaia |
tuligaia twaligaia |
uligaia waligaia |
mligaia mwaligaia |
aligaia |
waligaia |
uligaia |
iligaia |
liligaia |
yaligaia |
kiligaia |
viligaia |
iligaia |
ziligaia |
uligaia |
kuligaia |
paligaia |
muligaia |
| Relative |
niliogaia naliogaia |
tuliogaia twaliogaia |
uliogaia waliogaia |
mliogaia mwaliogaia |
aliogaia |
waliogaia |
uliogaia |
iliogaia |
liliogaia |
yaliogaia |
kiliogaia |
viliogaia |
iliogaia |
ziliogaia |
uliogaia |
kuliogaia |
paliogaia |
muliogaia |
| Negative |
sikugaia |
hatukugaia |
hukugaia |
hamkugaia |
hakugaia |
hawakugaia |
haukugaia |
haikugaia |
halikugaia |
hayakugaia |
hakikugaia |
havikugaia |
haikugaia |
hazikugaia |
haukugaia |
hakukugaia |
hapakugaia |
hamukugaia |
|
| Present |
| Positive |
ninagaia nagaia |
tunagaia |
unagaia |
mnagaia |
anagaia |
wanagaia |
unagaia |
inagaia |
linagaia |
yanagaia |
kinagaia |
vinagaia |
inagaia |
zinagaia |
unagaia |
kunagaia |
panagaia |
munagaia |
| Relative |
ninaogaia naogaia |
tunaogaia |
unaogaia |
mnaogaia |
anaogaia |
wanaogaia |
unaogaia |
inaogaia |
linaogaia |
yanaogaia |
kinaogaia |
vinaogaia |
inaogaia |
zinaogaia |
unaogaia |
kunaogaia |
panaogaia |
munaogaia |
| Negative |
sigaii |
hatugaii |
hugaii |
hamgaii |
hagaii |
hawagaii |
haugaii |
haigaii |
haligaii |
hayagaii |
hakigaii |
havigaii |
haigaii |
hazigaii |
haugaii |
hakugaii |
hapagaii |
hamugaii |
|
| Future |
| Positive |
nitagaia |
tutagaia |
utagaia |
mtagaia |
atagaia |
watagaia |
utagaia |
itagaia |
litagaia |
yatagaia |
kitagaia |
vitagaia |
itagaia |
zitagaia |
utagaia |
kutagaia |
patagaia |
mutagaia |
| Relative |
nitakaogaia |
tutakaogaia |
utakaogaia |
mtakaogaia |
atakaogaia |
watakaogaia |
utakaogaia |
itakaogaia |
litakaogaia |
yatakaogaia |
kitakaogaia |
vitakaogaia |
itakaogaia |
zitakaogaia |
utakaogaia |
kutakaogaia |
patakaogaia |
mutakaogaia |
| Negative |
sitagaia |
hatutagaia |
hutagaia |
hamtagaia |
hatagaia |
hawatagaia |
hautagaia |
haitagaia |
halitagaia |
hayatagaia |
hakitagaia |
havitagaia |
haitagaia |
hazitagaia |
hautagaia |
hakutagaia |
hapatagaia |
hamutagaia |
|
| Subjunctive |
| Positive |
nigaie |
tugaie |
ugaie |
mgaie |
agaie |
wagaie |
ugaie |
igaie |
ligaie |
yagaie |
kigaie |
vigaie |
igaie |
zigaie |
ugaie |
kugaie |
pagaie |
mugaie |
| Negative |
nisigaie |
tusigaie |
usigaie |
msigaie |
asigaie |
wasigaie |
usigaie |
isigaie |
lisigaie |
yasigaie |
kisigaie |
visigaie |
isigaie |
zisigaie |
usigaie |
kusigaie |
pasigaie |
musigaie |
|
| Present Conditional |
| Positive |
ningegaia |
tungegaia |
ungegaia |
mngegaia |
angegaia |
wangegaia |
ungegaia |
ingegaia |
lingegaia |
yangegaia |
kingegaia |
vingegaia |
ingegaia |
zingegaia |
ungegaia |
kungegaia |
pangegaia |
mungegaia |
| Negative |
nisingegaia singegaia |
tusingegaia hatungegaia |
usingegaia hungegaia |
msingegaia hamngegaia |
asingegaia hangegaia |
wasingegaia hawangegaia |
usingegaia haungegaia |
isingegaia haingegaia |
lisingegaia halingegaia |
yasingegaia hayangegaia |
kisingegaia hakingegaia |
visingegaia havingegaia |
isingegaia haingegaia |
zisingegaia hazingegaia |
usingegaia haungegaia |
kusingegaia hakungegaia |
pasingegaia hapangegaia |
musingegaia hamungegaia |
|
| Past Conditional |
| Positive |
ningaligaia |
tungaligaia |
ungaligaia |
mngaligaia |
angaligaia |
wangaligaia |
ungaligaia |
ingaligaia |
lingaligaia |
yangaligaia |
kingaligaia |
vingaligaia |
ingaligaia |
zingaligaia |
ungaligaia |
kungaligaia |
pangaligaia |
mungaligaia |
| Negative |
nisingaligaia singaligaia |
tusingaligaia hatungaligaia |
usingaligaia hungaligaia |
msingaligaia hamngaligaia |
asingaligaia hangaligaia |
wasingaligaia hawangaligaia |
usingaligaia haungaligaia |
isingaligaia haingaligaia |
lisingaligaia halingaligaia |
yasingaligaia hayangaligaia |
kisingaligaia hakingaligaia |
visingaligaia havingaligaia |
isingaligaia haingaligaia |
zisingaligaia hazingaligaia |
usingaligaia haungaligaia |
kusingaligaia hakungaligaia |
pasingaligaia hapangaligaia |
musingaligaia hamungaligaia |
|
| Conditional Contrary to Fact |
| Positive |
ningeligaia |
tungeligaia |
ungeligaia |
mngeligaia |
angeligaia |
wangeligaia |
ungeligaia |
ingeligaia |
lingeligaia |
yangeligaia |
kingeligaia |
vingeligaia |
ingeligaia |
zingeligaia |
ungeligaia |
kungeligaia |
pangeligaia |
mungeligaia |
|
| General Relative |
| Positive |
nigaiao |
tugaiao |
ugaiao |
mgaiao |
agaiao |
wagaiao |
ugaiao |
igaiao |
ligaiao |
yagaiao |
kigaiao |
vigaiao |
igaiao |
zigaiao |
ugaiao |
kugaiao |
pagaiao |
mugaiao |
| Negative |
nisiogaia |
tusiogaia |
usiogaia |
msiogaia |
asiogaia |
wasiogaia |
usiogaia |
isiogaia |
lisiogaia |
yasiogaia |
kisiogaia |
visiogaia |
isiogaia |
zisiogaia |
usiogaia |
kusiogaia |
pasiogaia |
musiogaia |
|
| Gnomic |
| Positive |
nagaia |
twagaia |
wagaia |
mwagaia |
agaia |
wagaia |
wagaia |
yagaia |
lagaia |
yagaia |
chagaia |
vyagaia |
yagaia |
zagaia |
wagaia |
kwagaia |
pagaia |
mwagaia |
|
| Perfect |
| Positive |
nimegaia |
tumegaia |
umegaia |
mmegaia |
amegaia |
wamegaia |
umegaia |
imegaia |
limegaia |
yamegaia |
kimegaia |
vimegaia |
imegaia |
zimegaia |
umegaia |
kumegaia |
pamegaia |
mumegaia |
|
| "Already" |
| Positive |
nimeshagaia |
tumeshagaia |
umeshagaia |
mmeshagaia |
ameshagaia |
wameshagaia |
umeshagaia |
imeshagaia |
limeshagaia |
yameshagaia |
kimeshagaia |
vimeshagaia |
imeshagaia |
zimeshagaia |
umeshagaia |
kumeshagaia |
pameshagaia |
mumeshagaia |
|
| "Not yet" |
| Negative |
sijagaia |
hatujagaia |
hujagaia |
hamjagaia |
hajagaia |
hawajagaia |
haujagaia |
haijagaia |
halijagaia |
hayajagaia |
hakijagaia |
havijagaia |
haijagaia |
hazijagaia |
haujagaia |
hakujagaia |
hapajagaia |
hamujagaia |
|
| "If/When" |
| Positive |
nikigaia |
tukigaia |
ukigaia |
mkigaia |
akigaia |
wakigaia |
ukigaia |
ikigaia |
likigaia |
yakigaia |
kikigaia |
vikigaia |
ikigaia |
zikigaia |
ukigaia |
kukigaia |
pakigaia |
mukigaia |
|
| "If not" |
| Negative |
nisipogaia |
tusipogaia |
usipogaia |
msipogaia |
asipogaia |
wasipogaia |
usipogaia |
isipogaia |
lisipogaia |
yasipogaia |
kisipogaia |
visipogaia |
isipogaia |
zisipogaia |
usipogaia |
kusipogaia |
pasipogaia |
musipogaia |
|
| Consecutive |
| Positive |
nikagaia |
tukagaia |
ukagaia |
mkagaia |
akagaia |
wakagaia |
ukagaia |
ikagaia |
likagaia |
yakagaia |
kikagaia |
vikagaia |
ikagaia |
zikagaia |
ukagaia |
kukagaia |
pakagaia |
mukagaia |
|
| Not all possible forms are listed in the table. Transitive verbs can take object concords, relative concords can agree with all noun classes, and many other forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information. |