gabh

Irish

Alternative forms

gaibh (Munster)

Etymology

From Old Irish gaibid (“grasp; receive”), from Proto-Celtic *gabyeti, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰeh₁bʰ-.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ɡaw/, /ɡoː/
(Munster) IPA^(key): /ɡavʲ/ (corresponding to the variant gaibh)
(Cois Fharraige) IPA^(key): /ɡo/

Verb

gabh (present analytic gabhann, future analytic gabhfaidh, verbal noun gabháil, past participle gafa)

(transitive) take
(intransitive) go
(intransitive) come

Usage notes

In Connemara, the future, conditional, and second-person singular imperative of this verb supply forms of téigh. In Ulster, the entire imperative supplies alternative forms of both tar (“come”) and téigh (“go”).

Conjugation

First Conjugation (A)

		singular			plural			relative	autonomous
		first	second	third	first	second	third	relative	autonomous
indicative	present	gabhaim	gabhann tú; gabhair^†	gabhann sé, sí	gabhaimid	gabhann sibh	gabhann siad; gabhaid^†	a ghabhann; a ghabhas / a ngabhann; a ngabhas	gabhtar
	past	ghabh mé; ghabhas	ghabh tú; ghabhais	ghabh sé, sí	ghabhamar; ghabh muid	ghabh sibh; ghabhabhair	ghabh siad; ghabhadar	a ghabh / ar ghabh*	gabhadh
	past habitual	ghabhainn	ghabhtá	ghabhadh sé, sí	ghabhaimis; ghabhadh muid	ghabhadh sibh	ghabhaidís; ghabhadh siad	a ghabhadh / ar ghabhadh*	ghabhtaí
	future	gabhfaidh mé; gabhfad	gabhfaidh tú; gabhfair^†	gabhfaidh sé, sí	gabhfaimid; gabhfaidh muid	gabhfaidh sibh	gabhfaidh siad; gabhfaid^†	a ghabhfaidh; a ghabhfas / a ngabhfaidh; a ngabhfas	gabhfar
conditional		ghabhfainn	ghabhfá	ghabhfadh sé, sí	ghabhfaimis; ghabhfadh muid	ghabhfadh sibh	ghabhfaidís; ghabhfadh siad	a ghabhfadh / ar ghabhfadh*	ghabhfaí
subjunctive	present	go ngabha mé; go ngabhad^†	go ngabha tú; go ngabhair^†	go ngabha sé, sí	go ngabhaimid; go ngabha muid	go ngabha sibh	go ngabha siad; go ngabhaid^†	—	go ngabhtar
subjunctive	past	dá ngabhainn	dá ngabhtá	dá ngabhadh sé, sí	dá ngabhaimis; dá ngabhadh muid	dá ngabhadh sibh	dá ngabhaidís; dá ngabhadh siad	—	dá ngabhtaí
imperative		gabhaim	gabh	gabhadh sé, sí	gabhaimis	gabhaigí; gabhaidh^†	gabhaidís	—	gabhtar
verbal noun		gabháil
past participle		gafa

*Indirect relative
† Dialect form

In older literary language and some parts of Munster, alternative future and conditional forms (identical to the independent future/conditional forms of faigh, but without lenition in the future) are found:

	singular			plural			relative	autonomous
	first	second	third	first	second	third	relative	autonomous
future	geobhaidh mé; geobhad	geobhaidh tú; geobhair^†	geobhaidh sé, sí	geobhaimíd	geobhaidh sibh	geobhaidh siad; geobhaid	a gheobhaidh, a gheobhas / a ngeobhaidh, a ngeobhas	geofar
conditional	gheobhainn	gheofá	gheobhadh sé, sí	gheobhaimís	gheobhadh sibh	gheobhaidís	a gheobhadh / ar gheobhadh*	gheofaí

Derived terms

Terms derived from gabh

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Eclipsis
gabh	ghabh	ngabh
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Old Irish gaibid (“grasp; receive”), from Proto-Celtic *gabyeti, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰeh₁bʰ-.

Verb

gabh (past ghabh, future gabhaidh, verbal noun gabhail, past participle gabhte)

take, accept, receive, have

Gabh cupa tì. ― Have/take a cup of tea.
contain, hold
sing, say, give, deliver, perform

Gabh òran! ― Give [us] a song!
get infected
assume, pretend
burn, kindle, ferment
undertake, endeavour, be concerned with
arrange
can

Cha ghabh sin a dhèanamh. ― That can't be done.

cho teth 's a ghabhas ― as hot as possible
must, be compelled to
enlist, engage as a servant
make secure
entertain, treat
acknowledge
worry
conceive, become pregnant
beat, belabour
betake, repair, proceed, go (motion)
rest

Derived terms

Terms derived from gabh

a' gabhail a-steach (“including”)
cho luath sa ghabhas (“as soon as possible”)
gabh air mhàl (“rent”) (from somebody)
gabh àite (“take place”)

gabh a-steach (“include”)
gabh brath (“take advantage”)
gabh dragh de (“be worried by”)
gabh gaol air (“fall in love with”)

gabh mo leisgeul (“excuse me”)
gabh socair (“take it easy”)
gabh tlachd ann (“enjoy”)
gabh ùine (“take [one's] time”)

References

Faclair Gàidhlig Dwelly Air Loidhne, Dwelly, Edward (1911), Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan/The Illustrated [Scottish] Gaelic-English Dictionary (10th ed.), Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
“gaibid” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.

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gabh

Irish

Alternative forms

Etymology

Pronunciation

Verb

Usage notes

Conjugation

Derived terms

Mutation

Further reading

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

Verb

Derived terms

References