cerner
French
Etymology
From Old French [Term?], from Latin circināre, present active infinitive of circinō.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /sɛʁ.ne/
Verb
cerner
- (transitive) To surround.
- (transitive) To figure out.
Conjugation
Conjugation of cerner (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | cerner | avoir cerné | |||||
| gerund | en cernant | en ayant cerné | |||||
| present participle | cernant /sɛʁ.nɑ̃/ | ||||||
| past participle | cerné /sɛʁ.ne/ | ||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il | nous | vous | ils | |
| simple tenses |
present | cerne /sɛʁn/ |
cernes /sɛʁn/ |
cerne /sɛʁn/ |
cernons /sɛʁ.nɔ̃/ |
cernez /sɛʁ.ne/ |
cernent /sɛʁn/ |
| imperfect | cernais /sɛʁ.nɛ/ |
cernais /sɛʁ.nɛ/ |
cernait /sɛʁ.nɛ/ |
cernions /sɛʁ.njɔ̃/ |
cerniez /sɛʁ.nje/ |
cernaient /sɛʁ.nɛ/ | |
| past historic1 | cernai /sɛʁ.ne/ |
cernas /sɛʁ.na/ |
cerna /sɛʁ.na/ |
cernâmes /sɛʁ.nam/ |
cernâtes /sɛʁ.nat/ |
cernèrent /sɛʁ.nɛʁ/ | |
| future | cernerai /sɛʁ.nə.ʁe/ |
cerneras /sɛʁ.nə.ʁa/ |
cernera /sɛʁ.nə.ʁa/ |
cernerons /sɛʁ.nə.ʁɔ̃/ |
cernerez /sɛʁ.nə.ʁe/ |
cerneront /sɛʁ.nə.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | cernerais /sɛʁ.nə.ʁɛ/ |
cernerais /sɛʁ.nə.ʁɛ/ |
cernerait /sɛʁ.nə.ʁɛ/ |
cernerions /sɛʁ.nə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
cerneriez /sɛʁ.nə.ʁje/ |
cerneraient /sɛʁ.nə.ʁɛ/ | |
| compound tenses |
present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| past anterior1 | Use the past historic tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il | que nous | que vous | qu’ils | |
| simple tenses |
present | cerne /sɛʁn/ |
cernes /sɛʁn/ |
cerne /sɛʁn/ |
cernions /sɛʁ.njɔ̃/ |
cerniez /sɛʁ.nje/ |
cernent /sɛʁn/ |
| imperfect1 | cernasse /sɛʁ.nas/ |
cernasses /sɛʁ.nas/ |
cernât /sɛʁ.na/ |
cernassions /sɛʁ.na.sjɔ̃/ |
cernassiez /sɛʁ.na.sje/ |
cernassent /sɛʁ.nas/ | |
| compound tenses |
past | Use the present subjunctive tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect1 | Use the imperfect subjunctive tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nous | vous | – | |
| — | cerne /sɛʁn/ |
— | cernons /sɛʁ.nɔ̃/ |
cernez /sɛʁ.ne/ |
— | ||
| 1literary tenses | |||||||
Related terms
See also
Further reading
- “cerner” in le Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
Anagrams
Spanish
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Latin cernere, present active infinitive of cernō, from Proto-Italic *krinō, from Proto-Indo-European *krey-.
Pronunciation
- (Castilian) IPA(key): /θerˈneɾ/
- (Latin America) IPA(key): /serˈneɾ/
Verb
cerner (first-person singular present cierno, first-person singular preterite cerní, past participle cernido)
Conjugation
- Rule: e becomes ie in stressed syllables.
| infinitive | cerner | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gerund | cerniendo | ||||||
| past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
| singular | cernido | cernida | |||||
| plural | cernidos | cernidas | |||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| indicative | yo | tú vos |
él/ella/ello usted |
nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ellos/ellas ustedes | |
| present | cierno | ciernestú cernésvos |
cierne | cernemos | cernéis | ciernen | |
| imperfect | cernía | cernías | cernía | cerníamos | cerníais | cernían | |
| preterite | cerní | cerniste | cernió | cernimos | cernisteis | cernieron | |
| future | cerneré | cernerás | cernerá | cerneremos | cerneréis | cernerán | |
| conditional | cernería | cernerías | cernería | cerneríamos | cerneríais | cernerían | |
| subjunctive | yo | tú vos |
él/ella/ello usted |
nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ellos/ellas ustedes | |
| present | cierna | ciernas | cierna | cernamos | cernáis | ciernan | |
| imperfect (ra) |
cerniera | cernieras | cerniera | cerniéramos | cernierais | cernieran | |
| imperfect (se) |
cerniese | cernieses | cerniese | cerniésemos | cernieseis | cerniesen | |
| future1 | cerniere | cernieres | cerniere | cerniéremos | cerniereis | cernieren | |
| imperative | — | tú vos |
usted | nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ustedes | |
| affirmative | ciernetú cernévos |
cierna | cernamos | cerned | ciernan | ||
| negative | no ciernas | no cierna | no cernamos | no cernáis | no ciernan | ||
- 1 Mostly obsolete form, now mainly used in legal jargon.
Other verbs with this conjugation:
► <a class='CategoryTreeLabel CategoryTreeLabelNs14 CategoryTreeLabelCategory' href='/wiki/Category:Spanish_verbs_ending_in_-er_(conjugation_e-ie)'>Spanish verbs ending in -er (conjugation e-ie)</a>
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.
| singular | plural | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| with infinitive cerner | |||||||
| dative | cernerme | cernerte | cernerle, cernerse | cernernos | cerneros | cernerles, cernerse | |
| accusative | cernerme | cernerte | cernerlo, cernerla, cernerse | cernernos | cerneros | cernerlos, cernerlas, cernerse | |
| with gerund cerniendo | |||||||
| dative | cerniéndome | cerniéndote | cerniéndole, cerniéndose | cerniéndonos | cerniéndoos | cerniéndoles, cerniéndose | |
| accusative | cerniéndome | cerniéndote | cerniéndolo, cerniéndola, cerniéndose | cerniéndonos | cerniéndoos | cerniéndolos, cerniéndolas, cerniéndose | |
| with informal second-person singular imperative cierne | |||||||
| dative | ciérneme | ciérnete | ciérnele | ciérnenos | not used | ciérneles | |
| accusative | ciérneme | ciérnete | ciérnelo, ciérnela | ciérnenos | not used | ciérnelos, ciérnelas | |
| with formal second-person singular imperative cierna | |||||||
| dative | ciérname | not used | ciérnale, ciérnase | ciérnanos | not used | ciérnales | |
| accusative | ciérname | not used | ciérnalo, ciérnala, ciérnase | ciérnanos | not used | ciérnalos, ciérnalas | |
| with first-person plural imperative cernamos | |||||||
| dative | not used | cernámoste | cernámosle | cernámonos | cernámoos | cernámosles | |
| accusative | not used | cernámoste | cernámoslo, cernámosla | cernámonos | cernámoos | cernámoslos, cernámoslas | |
| with informal second-person plural imperative cerned | |||||||
| dative | cernedme | not used | cernedle | cernednos | cerneos | cernedles | |
| accusative | cernedme | not used | cernedlo, cernedla | cernednos | cerneos | cernedlos, cernedlas | |
| with formal second-person plural imperative ciernan | |||||||
| dative | ciérnanme | not used | ciérnanle | ciérnannos | not used | ciérnanles, ciérnanse | |
| accusative | ciérnanme | not used | ciérnanlo, ciérnanla | ciérnannos | not used | ciérnanlos, ciérnanlas, ciérnanse | |
Synonyms
- (to sift): peñerar (Asturias)
Related terms
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