caol
Irish
Etymology
From Old Irish cáel, from Proto-Celtic *koilos (“thin”) (compare Cornish and Welsh cul).
Pronunciation
Adjective
caol (genitive singular masculine caoil, genitive singular feminine caoile, plural caola, comparative caoile)
- thin, slender
- Synonym: tanaí
- fine
- narrow
- Synonym: cúng
- (sound) thin, shrill
- (linguistics) slender, palatalized
- Caol le caol agus leathan le leathan.(rule in Irish spelling)
- Slender (consonant) goes with slender (vowel) and broad (consonant) with broad (vowel).
- weak, dilute
- slight
- subtle
Declension
Declension of caol
| Singular | Plural (m/f) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Positive | Masculine | Feminine | (strong noun) | (weak noun) |
| Nominative | caol | chaol | caola; chaola² | |
| Vocative | chaoil | caola | ||
| Genitive | caoile | caola | caol | |
| Dative | caol; chaol¹ |
chaol; chaoil (archaic) |
caola; chaola² | |
| Comparative | níos caoile | |||
| Superlative | is caoile | |||
¹ When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article.
² When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.
Antonyms
Derived terms
Terms derived from caol
|
Noun
caol m (genitive singular caoil, nominative plural caolta)
Declension
Declension of caol
First declension
|
Bare forms:
|
Forms with the definite article:
|
Derived terms
- cuir caol ort féin (“sharpen yourself; make yourself scarce”, verb)
Verb
caol (present analytic caolann, future analytic caolfaidh, verbal noun caoladh, past participle caolta)
- Alternative form of caolaigh (“become thin; narrow; reduce; dilute; palatalize; edge, sidle”)
Conjugation
First Conjugation (A)
| singular | plural | relative | autonomous | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||||
| indicative | present | caolaim | caolann tú; caolair† |
caolann sé, sí | caolaimid | caolann sibh | caolann siad; caolaid† |
a chaolann; a chaolas / a gcaolann*; a gcaolas* |
caoltar |
| past | chaol mé; chaolas | chaol tú; chaolais | chaol sé, sí | chaolamar; chaol muid | chaol sibh; chaolabhair | chaol siad; chaoladar | a chaol / ar chaol* |
caoladh | |
| past habitual | chaolainn | chaoltá | chaoladh sé, sí | chaolaimis; chaoladh muid | chaoladh sibh | chaolaidís; chaoladh siad | a chaoladh / ar chaoladh* |
chaoltaí | |
| future | caolfaidh mé; caolfad |
caolfaidh tú; caolfair† |
caolfaidh sé, sí | caolfaimid; caolfaidh muid |
caolfaidh sibh | caolfaidh siad; caolfaid† |
a chaolfaidh; a chaolfas / a gcaolfaidh*; a gcaolfas* |
caolfar | |
| conditional | chaolfainn | chaolfá | chaolfadh sé, sí | chaolfaimis; chaolfadh muid | chaolfadh sibh | chaolfaidís; chaolfadh siad | a chaolfadh / ar chaolfadh* |
chaolfaí | |
| subjunctive | present | go gcaola mé; go gcaolad† |
go gcaola tú; go gcaolair† |
go gcaola sé, sí | go gcaolaimid; go gcaola muid |
go gcaola sibh | go gcaola siad; go gcaolaid† |
— | go gcaoltar |
| past | dá gcaolainn | dá gcaoltá | dá gcaoladh sé, sí | dá gcaolaimis; dá gcaoladh muid |
dá gcaoladh sibh | dá gcaolaidís; dá gcaoladh siad |
— | dá gcaoltaí | |
| imperative | caolaim | caol | caoladh sé, sí | caolaimis | caolaigí; caolaidh† |
caolaidís | — | caoltar | |
| verbal noun | caoladh | ||||||||
| past participle | caolta | ||||||||
* Indirect relative
† Archaic or dialect form
Mutation
| Irish mutation | ||
|---|---|---|
| Radical | Lenition | Eclipsis |
| caol | chaol | gcaol |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | ||
Further reading
- "caol" in Foclóir Gaeilge-Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.
- “caol” in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, Irish Texts Society, 2nd ed., 1927, by Patrick S. Dinneen.
- “cáel” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.
- Entries containing “caol” in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm, 1959, by Tomás de Bhaldraithe.
- Entries containing “caol” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.
Scottish Gaelic
FWOTD – 14 November 2015
Etymology
From Old Irish cáel, from Proto-Celtic *koilos (“thin”) (compare Cornish and Welsh cul).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /kʰɯːɫ̪/
Adjective
caol
Antonyms
Derived terms
Terms derived from caol
|
Noun
caol m (genitive singular caoil, plural caoiltean)
Derived terms
Mutation
| Scottish Gaelic mutation | |
|---|---|
| Radical | Lenition |
| caol | chaol |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | |
References
- Faclair Gàidhlig Dwelly Air Loidhne, Dwelly, Edward (1911), Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan/The Illustrated [Scottish] Gaelic-English Dictionary (10th ed.), Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
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