cáin

See also: cain, Cain, caín, Caín, Caïn, càin, and Cáin

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish cáin (law, rule, fine, tax, tribute). The verb is from Old Irish cáinid (revile, rail at, reproach), from the noun.

Pronunciation

Noun

cáin f (genitive singular cánach or cána, nominative plural cánacha)

  1. (literary)
    1. law, rule, regulation, set of laws or rules or regulations
    2. due, tribute
  2. fine, penalty
    Synonym: fíneáil
  3. impost, tax, taxation

Declension

Standard inflection (fifth declension):

Alternative inflection (third declension):

Derived terms

Verb

cáin (present analytic cáineann, future analytic cáinfidh, verbal noun cáineadh, past participle cáinte) (transitive, intransitive)

  1. fine (issue a fine as punishment)
  2. criticise, condemn, censure

Conjugation

Alternative conjugation:

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Eclipsis
cáin cháin gcáin
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

  • "cáin" in Foclóir Gaeilge-Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.
  • “cáin” in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, Irish Texts Society, 2nd ed., 1927, by Patrick S. Dinneen.
  • cáin” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.
  • cáinid” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.

Old Irish

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /kaːnʲ/

Noun

cáin f

  1. law (system, set of regulations), regulation, rule
  2. legal due, fine, tax, tribute

Inflection

Feminine i-stem
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative
Vocative
Accusative
Genitive
Dative
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization

Derived terms

Descendants

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
RadicalLenitionNasalization
cáin cháin cáin
pronounced with /ɡ(ʲ)-/
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

  • cáin” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.
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