brón
Irish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /bˠɾˠoːnˠ/
- (Cois Fharraige) IPA(key): /bˠɾˠuːn̪ˠ/
Etymology 1
Noun
brón m (genitive singular bróin)
- sorrow
- Tá brón orm ― I'm sorry(lit. "Sorrow is on me")
Declension
Declension of brón
First declension
|
Bare forms (no plural of this noun)
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Forms with the definite article:
|
Derived terms
Terms derived from brón
|
|
Related terms
- brónaí f (“sorrowfulness”)
Verb
brón (present analytic brónann, future analytic brónfaidh, verbal noun brónadh, past participle brónta)
- (transitive) grieve
- (Proverb:) An ní nach bhfeiceann súil ní bhrónann croí.
- What the eye sees not the heart rues not.
- (Proverb:)
Conjugation
First Conjugation (A)
| singular | plural | relative | autonomous | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||||
| indicative | present | brónaim | brónann tú; brónair† |
brónann sé, sí | brónaimid | brónann sibh | brónann siad; brónaid† |
a bhrónann; a bhrónas / a mbrónann*; a mbrónas* |
bróntar |
| past | bhrón mé; bhrónas | bhrón tú; bhrónais | bhrón sé, sí | bhrónamar; bhrón muid | bhrón sibh; bhrónabhair | bhrón siad; bhrónadar | a bhrón / ar bhrón* |
brónadh | |
| past habitual | bhrónainn | bhróntá | bhrónadh sé, sí | bhrónaimis; bhrónadh muid | bhrónadh sibh | bhrónaidís; bhrónadh siad | a bhrónadh / ar bhrónadh* |
bhróntaí | |
| future | brónfaidh mé; brónfad |
brónfaidh tú; brónfair† |
brónfaidh sé, sí | brónfaimid; brónfaidh muid |
brónfaidh sibh | brónfaidh siad; brónfaid† |
a bhrónfaidh; a bhrónfas / a mbrónfaidh*; a mbrónfas* |
brónfar | |
| conditional | bhrónfainn | bhrónfá | bhrónfadh sé, sí | bhrónfaimis; bhrónfadh muid | bhrónfadh sibh | bhrónfaidís; bhrónfadh siad | a bhrónfadh / ar bhrónfadh* |
bhrónfaí | |
| subjunctive | present | go mbróna mé; go mbrónad† |
go mbróna tú; go mbrónair† |
go mbróna sé, sí | go mbrónaimid; go mbróna muid |
go mbróna sibh | go mbróna siad; go mbrónaid† |
— | go mbróntar |
| past | dá mbrónainn | dá mbróntá | dá mbrónadh sé, sí | dá mbrónaimis; dá mbrónadh muid |
dá mbrónadh sibh | dá mbrónaidís; dá mbrónadh siad |
— | dá mbróntaí | |
| imperative | brónaim | brón | brónadh sé, sí | brónaimis | brónaigí; brónaidh† |
brónaidís | — | bróntar | |
| verbal noun | brónadh | ||||||||
| past participle | brónta | ||||||||
* Indirect relative
† Archaic or dialect form
Etymology 2
Noun
brón f sg
- (nonstandard) genitive singular of bró (“quern; millstone; dense mass; stout heavily-built person”)
Mutation
| Irish mutation | ||
|---|---|---|
| Radical | Lenition | Eclipsis |
| brón | bhrón | mbrón |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | ||
Further reading
- "brón" in Foclóir Gaeilge-Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.
- “brón” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.
- Entries containing “brón” in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm, 1959, by Tomás de Bhaldraithe.
- Entries containing “brón” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.
Old Irish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /broːn/
Noun
brón m (genitive bróin, no plural)
- sorrow, grief, lamentation, distress, burden
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 5d25
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 16b8
- "ni far mbrón si ..." glosses contristati
- c. 875, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 129c6
- "in brón" glosses mestitudinem
Inflection
| Masculine o-stem | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | |||
| Vocative | |||
| Accusative | |||
| Genitive | |||
| Dative | |||
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
| |||
Derived terms
- brónach (“sorrowful, grieving, sad”)
Descendants
Mutation
| Old Irish mutation | ||
|---|---|---|
| Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
| brón | brón pronounced with /v(ʲ)-/ |
mbrón |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | ||
Further reading
- “brón” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.
- Rudolf Thurneysen, A Grammar of Old Irish (Dublin, 1946), §62
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