borb
Irish
Etymology
From Old Irish borb (“foolish, silly, senseless; stupid, ignorant, unlearned; rude, uncouth; fierce, rough, rude, violent, harsh; arrogant”).
Adjective
borb (genitive singular masculine boirb, genitive singular feminine boirbe, plural borba, comparative boirbe)
Declension
Declension of borb
| Singular | Plural (m/f) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Positive | Masculine | Feminine | (strong noun) | (weak noun) |
| Nominative | borb | bhorb | borba; bhorba² | |
| Vocative | bhoirb | borba | ||
| Genitive | boirbe | borba | borb | |
| Dative | borb; bhorb¹ |
bhorb; bhoirb (archaic) |
borba; bhorba² | |
| Comparative | níos boirbe | |||
| Superlative | is boirbe | |||
¹ When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article.
² When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.
Related terms
- boirbe f (“fierceness; rudeness; coarseness; rankness”)
Verb
borb (present analytic borbann, future analytic borbfaidh, verbal noun borbadh, past participle borbtha)
- (intransitive) Alternative form of borbaigh (“get angry, rude”)
Conjugation
First Conjugation (A)
| singular | plural | relative | autonomous | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||||
| indicative | present | borbaim | borbann tú; borbair† |
borbann sé, sí | borbaimid | borbann sibh | borbann siad; borbaid† |
a bhorbann; a bhorbas / a mborbann*; a mborbas* |
borbtar |
| past | bhorb mé; bhorbas | bhorb tú; bhorbais | bhorb sé, sí | bhorbamar; bhorb muid | bhorb sibh; bhorbabhair | bhorb siad; bhorbadar | a bhorb / ar bhorb* |
borbadh | |
| past habitual | bhorbainn | bhorbtá | bhorbadh sé, sí | bhorbaimis; bhorbadh muid | bhorbadh sibh | bhorbaidís; bhorbadh siad | a bhorbadh / ar bhorbadh* |
bhorbtaí | |
| future | borbfaidh mé; borbfad |
borbfaidh tú; borbfair† |
borbfaidh sé, sí | borbfaimid; borbfaidh muid |
borbfaidh sibh | borbfaidh siad; borbfaid† |
a bhorbfaidh; a bhorbfas / a mborbfaidh*; a mborbfas* |
borbfar | |
| conditional | bhorbfainn | bhorbfá | bhorbfadh sé, sí | bhorbfaimis; bhorbfadh muid | bhorbfadh sibh | bhorbfaidís; bhorbfadh siad | a bhorbfadh / ar bhorbfadh* |
bhorbfaí | |
| subjunctive | present | go mborba mé; go mborbad† |
go mborba tú; go mborbair† |
go mborba sé, sí | go mborbaimid; go mborba muid |
go mborba sibh | go mborba siad; go mborbaid† |
— | go mborbtar |
| past | dá mborbainn | dá mborbtá | dá mborbadh sé, sí | dá mborbaimis; dá mborbadh muid |
dá mborbadh sibh | dá mborbaidís; dá mborbadh siad |
— | dá mborbtaí | |
| imperative | borbaim | borb | borbadh sé, sí | borbaimis | borbaigí; borbaidh† |
borbaidís | — | borbtar | |
| verbal noun | borbadh | ||||||||
| past participle | borbtha | ||||||||
* Indirect relative
† Archaic or dialect form
Mutation
| Irish mutation | ||
|---|---|---|
| Radical | Lenition | Eclipsis |
| borb | bhorb | mborb |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | ||
References
- "borb" in Foclóir Gaeilge-Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.
- “borb” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.
Old Irish
Alternative forms
- borp
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈborb/
Adjective
borb
- foolish, silly, senseless; stupid, ignorant, unlearned; rude, uncouth
- fierce, rough, rude, violent, harsh; arrogant
Declension
| o/ā-stem | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | borb | borb | borb |
| Vocative | buirb* borb** | ||
| Accusative | borb | buirb | |
| Genitive | buirb | buirbe | buirb |
| Dative | burb | buirb | burb |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine/neuter | |
| Nominative | buirb | borba | |
| Vocative | burbu borba† | ||
| Accusative | burbu borba† | ||
| Genitive | borb | ||
| Dative | borbaib | ||
| Notes | *modifying a noun whose vocative is different from its nominative **modifying a noun whose vocative is identical to its nominative | ||
Derived terms
- burbae
Descendants
Mutation
| Old Irish mutation | ||
|---|---|---|
| Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
| borb | borb pronounced with /v(ʲ)-/ |
mborb |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | ||
Further reading
- “borb” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.
Scottish Gaelic
Etymology
From Old Irish borb (“foolish, silly, senseless; stupid, ignorant, unlearned; rude, uncouth; fierce, rough, rude, violent, harsh; arrogant”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈpɔrɔp/
Adjective
borb (comparative buirbe)
Mutation
| Scottish Gaelic mutation | |
|---|---|
| Radical | Lenition |
| borb | bhorb |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | |
References
- Faclair Gàidhlig Dwelly Air Loidhne, Dwelly, Edward (1911), Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan/The Illustrated [Scottish] Gaelic-English Dictionary (10th ed.), Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
- “borb” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.
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