-ról

Hungarian

Etymology

From Proto-Uralic *roγ- (“nearness”) or Proto-Ugric *raŋɜ (“surface”) + -l (“archaic ablative case suffix”) formed the suffixed nominal *roγol. This turned into a postposition during the ancient Hungarian era. The γ inside the word was dropped and the shortened ról lost its independent role and became a case suffix. Its harmonic variant -ről appeared in the early Old Hungarian era.^[1]^[2]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [roːl]
Audio (file)

Suffix

-ról

(case suffix) Used to form the delative case, indicating movement from a surface.
1. from (place)
  
  Magyarországról kaptam egy levelet. ― I received a letter from Hungary.
  
  Leesett a lóról. ― He fell from the horse.
2. off (place)
  
  Levette a poharat az asztalról. ― She took the glass off the table.
  
  Leszálltak a vonatról. ― They got off the train.
3. from (time)
  
  napról napra ― from day to day
4. of, about, on
  
  Sokszor beszél a családjáról. ― He often talks about his family.

Usage notes

Hungarian case suffixes

Case	Back vowel a, á, o, ó, u, ú	Front vowel
Case	Back vowel a, á, o, ó, u, ú	unrounded e, é, i, í	rounded ö, ő, ü, ű
nominative	—
accusative	-t
accusative	-ot / -at	-et	-öt
dative	-nak	-nek
instrumental	-val	-vel
causal-final	-ért
translative	-vá	-vé
terminative	-ig
essive-formal	-ként
essive-modal	-ul	-ül
inessive	-ban	-ben
superessive	-n
superessive	-on	-en	-ön
adessive	-nál	-nél
illative	-ba	-be
sublative	-ra	-re
allative	-hoz	-hez	-höz
elative	-ból	-ből
delative	-ról	-ről
ablative	-tól	-től
Note for all endings: Stem-final -a/-e changes to -á-/-é-, respectively, except -ként. alma - almában, but almaként zene - zenében, but zeneként

(case suffix) Harmonic variants:
-ról is added to back vowel words. Final -a changes to -á-.
fa (“tree”) → A gesztenye lehullott a fáról. - The chestnuts had fallen off the tree.

-ről is added to front vowel words. Final -e changes to -é-.
zene (“music”) → A zenéről beszélgettünk. - We were talking about music.

References

↑ Entry #1836 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Research Institute for Linguistics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences.
↑ Gábor Zaicz, Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete, Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN

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[1] Entry #1836 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Research Institute for Linguistics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences.

[2] Gábor Zaicz, Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete, Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN