-янка

Russian

Alternative forms

  • -а́нка (-ánka) (after a hushing consonant (ш ж ч щ) or ц)

Etymology

Originally from -ка (-ka) added to adjectives ending in -яный (-janyj) or -яно́й (-janój); later extracted out as its own suffix.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈʲankə]

Suffix

-я́нка • (-jánka) f inan, f anim

  1. suffix appended to nouns to form related nouns of various sorts, both animate and inanimate, generally referring to more specific objects than the base lemma; often referring to plants or animals
    весна́ (vesná, “spring”) → весня́нка (vesnjánka, “spring song; stonefly”)
    медь (medʹ, “copper”) → медя́нка (medjánka, “grass snake; verdigris”)
    роса́ (rosá, “dew”) → рося́нка (rosjánka, “sundew”)
    де́рево (dérevo, “tree”) → деревя́нка (derevjánka, “common tormentil”)
    стекло́ (stekló, “glass”) (dialectal скло (sklo)) → скля́нка (skljánka, “vial, bottle”)

Usage notes

Note the following properties:

  • The suffix is added onto the stem in its reduced form.
  • The suffix triggers the Slavic first palatalization of velar consonants, after which it becomes -а́нка (-ánka).
  • The suffix becomes -а́нка (-ánka) after a hushing consonant (ш ж ч щ) or ц.

Declension

Declension of -я́нка (bian fem-form velar-stem accent-a) 
singular plural
nominative -я́нка
-jánka		 -я́нки
-jánki
genitive -я́нки
-jánki		 -я́нк
-jánk
dative -я́нке
-jánke		 -я́нкам
-jánkam
accusative animate

inanimate		 -я́нку
-jánku		 -я́нк
-jánk
-я́нки
-jánki
instrumental -я́нкой, -я́нкою
-jánkoj, -jánkoju		 -я́нками
-jánkami
prepositional -я́нке
-jánke		 -я́нках
-jánkax

Derived terms

► <a class='CategoryTreeLabel CategoryTreeLabelNs14 CategoryTreeLabelCategory' href='/wiki/Category:Russian_words_suffixed_with_-%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0'>Russian words suffixed with -янка</a>
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