자다

Korean

Pronunciation

IPA^(key)[t͡ɕa̠da̠]
Phonetic Hangul[자다]

Revised Romanization^?	jada
Revised Romanization (translit.)^?	jada
McCune–Reischauer^?	chada
Yale Romanization^?	cata

Verb

자다 • (jada) (infinitive 자, sequential 자니)

to sleep

개는 잠을 잡니다.
Gae-neun jam-eul jamnida.
The dog is sleeping

Conjugation

Selected forms of the verb 자다 (jada)

Stems
Stem 1	자 (ja)
Stem 2	자 (ja)
Stem 3	자 (ja)
Conjugation type	Vowel-stem, regular

Sentence-final forms
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	잔다 janda	자 ja	자요 jayo	잡니다 jamnida
Indicative	Past	잤다 jatda	잤어 jasseo	잤어요 jasseoyo	잤습니다 jatseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	자느냐 janeunya	자 ja	자요 jayo	잡니까 jamnikka
Interrogative	Past	잤느냐 janneunya	잤어 jasseo	잤어요 jasseoyo	잤습니까 jatseumnikka
Hortative		자자 jaja	자 ja	자요 jayo	잡시다 japsida
Imperative		자라 jara	자 ja	자요 jayo	잡시오 japsio
Assertive		자겠다 jagetda	자겠어 jagesseo	자겠어요 jagesseoyo	자겠습니다 jagetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason		자 ja	자서 jaseo	자니 jani	자니까 janikka
Contrast		자지만 jajiman	자는데 janeunde	자더니 jadeoni
Conjunction		자고 jago
Condition		자면 jamyeon	자야 jaya
Motive		자려고 jaryeogo
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		잠 jam	자기 jagi
Past-tense verbal nouns		잤음 jasseum	잤기 jatgi
Determiners	Past	잔 jan
	Present	자는 janeun
	Future	잘 jal

Honorific: 주무시다 (jumusida)

자다 (jada) has two forms for the 해라체 (haerache, “plain”) imperative. The blunt form is regular: 자라 (jara, “sleep!”). The less blunt form is irregular: 자거라 (jageora, “sleep well!”). Other verbs with the irregular non-blunt form are 일어나다 (ireonada, “to get up”), 자라다 (jarada, “to grow”), 가다 (gada, “to go”), and compound verbs ending in 가다 (gada).

Synonyms

잠자다 (jamjada)

Related terms

재우다 (jae-uda, “to cause to sleep”)
주무시다 (jumusida, “to sleep”) (honorific)

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