없다
Korean
Etymology
Of native Korean origin.
Pronunciation
-
Audio (file)
- IPA(key)[ˈɘːp̚t͈a̠]
- Phonetic Hangul[업:따]
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Adjective
없다 • (eopda) (infinitive 없어, sequential 없으니)
- there are none; (to be) lacking; (to be) nonexistent
- 전 은행 계좌가 없어요.
- Jeon eunhaeng gyejwaga eopseoyo.
- I don't have a bank account.
-
- not
Usage notes
Most grammars classify 없다 (eopda) as an adjective with certain verbal qualities.[1]
Conjugation
Selected forms of the adjective 없다 (eopda)
| Stems | |
|---|---|
| Stem 1 | 없 (eop) |
| Stem 2 | 없어 (eopseo) |
| Stem 3 | 없으 (eopseu) |
| Conjugation type | Consonant-stem, 있/없(it/eop)-irregular |
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 없다 eopda |
없어 eopseo |
없어요 eopseoyo |
없습니다 eopseumnida |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past | 없었다 eopseotda |
없었어 eopseosseo |
없었어요 eopseosseoyo |
없었습니다 eopseotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 없느냐 eomneunya |
없어 eopseo |
없어요 eopseoyo |
없습니까 eopseumnikka |
| Past | 없었느냐 eopseonneunya |
없었어 eopseosseo |
없었어요 eopseosseoyo |
없었습니까 eopseotseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 없겠다 eopgetda | 없겠어 eopgesseo | 없겠어요 eopgesseoyo | 없겠습니다 eopgetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 없어 eopseo | 없어서 eopseoseo | 없으니 eopseuni | 없으니까 eopseunikka | |
| Contrast | 없지만 eopjiman | 없는데 eomneunde | 없더니 eopdeoni | ||
| Conjunction | 없고 eopgo | ||||
| Condition | 없으면 eopseumyeon | 없어야 eopseoya | |||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 없음 eopseum | 없기 eopgi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 없었음 eopseosseum | 없었기 eopseotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 없는 eomneun | |||
| Future | 없을 eopseul | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific Alternative honorific: 안 계시다 (an gyesida) | |||||
| Plain (해라체) | Informal (해체) | Polite (해요체) | Formal (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 없으시다 eopseusida |
없으셔 eopseusyeo |
없으세요, 없으셔요 eopseuseyo, eopseusyeoyo |
없으십니다 eopseusimnida |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past | 없으셨다 eopseusyeotda |
없으셨어 eopseusyeosseo |
없으셨어요 eopseusyeosseoyo |
없으셨습니다 eopseusyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 없으시냐 eopseusinya |
없으셔 eopseusyeo |
없으세요, 없으셔요 eopseuseyo, eopseusyeoyo |
없으십니까 eopseusimnikka |
| Past | 없으셨냐 eopseusyeonnya |
없으셨어 eopseusyeosseo |
없으셨어요 eopseusyeosseoyo |
없으셨습니까 eopseusyeotseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 없으시겠다 eopseusigetda | 없으시겠어 eopseusigesseo | 없으시겠어요 eopseusigesseoyo | 없으시겠습니다 eopseusigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 없으셔 eopseusyeo | 없으셔서 eopseusyeoseo | 없으시니 eopseusini | 없으시니까 eopseusinikka | |
| Contrast | 없으시지만 eopseusijiman | 없으신데 eopseusinde | 없으시더니 eopseusideoni | ||
| Conjunction | 없으시고 eopseusigo | ||||
| Condition | 없으시면 eopseusimyeon | 없으셔야 eopseusyeoya | |||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 없으심 eopseusim | 없으시기 eopseusigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 없으셨음 eopseusyeosseum | 없으셨기 eopseusyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 없으신 eopseusin | |||
| Future | 없으실 eopseusil | ||||
Antonyms
- 있다 (itda, “to exist”)
Derived terms
References
- ↑ Koh & Nam (표준 국어 문법, rev. ed. 2002): 있다/없다
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