貧苦

See also: 贫苦

Chinese

		poor	bitter; intensely; miserable bitter; intensely; miserable; painful
trad. (貧苦)		貧	苦
simp. (贫苦)		贫	苦

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): pínkǔ

(Zhuyin): ㄆㄧㄣˊ ㄎㄨˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): pan⁴ fu²
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): phìn-khú
Min Nan (POJ): pîn-khó͘

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: pínkǔ
  - Zhuyin: ㄆㄧㄣˊ ㄎㄨˇ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pynkuu
  - IPA ^(key): /pʰin³⁵ kʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: pan⁴ fu²
  - Yale: pàhn fú
  - Cantonese Pinyin: pan⁴ fu²
  - Guangdong Romanization: pen⁴ fu²
  - IPA ^(key): /pʰɐn²¹ fuː³⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: phìn-khú
  - Hakka Romanization System: pinˇ ku`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: pin² ku³
  - IPA: /pʰin¹¹ kʰu³¹/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pîn-khó͘
  - Tâi-lô: pîn-khóo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: pinqor
  - IPA (Xiamen): /pin²⁴⁻²² kʰɔ⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /pin²⁴⁻²² kʰɔ⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /pin¹³⁻²² kʰɔ⁵³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /pin²⁴⁻¹¹ kʰɔ⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /pin²³⁻³³ kʰɔ⁴¹/

Adjective

貧苦

impoverished; poverty-stricken

Synonyms

(formal) 困乏 (kùnfá)
困窮／困穷 (kùnqióng)
貧困／贫困 (pínkùn)
貧窮／贫穷 (pínqióng)
窮困／穷困 (qióngkùn)
窮苦／穷苦 (qióngkǔ)

Antonyms

富裕 (fùyù)

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